feat(0.1.16-P1): 资源闭环引擎（修为耗草/炼丹概率化/铸器/灵脉收益/NPC战力/灾变落效）+ C13C14

【A 经济闭环】
- 修为经济化：练气以上修行者月耗灵草（闭关2普通1），无草速修0.6~1.0衰减+缺草年告警
- 炼丹等级化：bonusOf 表达式引擎（白名单安全求值），craftChance 转正；丹方单源 PILL_RECIPES（聚气L1/凝元L2/破境L3）+ 失败折半退料
- 炼器筑宝：FORGE_RECIPES（法器/灵器/法宝，灵矿+兽核+灵石）
- 秘境灵脉：secretQiOf→rollWarbooty 收益门槛（0.5~1.3折算）；掉落按秘境 techGrades 过滤
- NPC 实力参战：raid 强度/风险随 npc.power 浮动（0.5~1.8）
- 灾年落效：疫病/兽潮一次性袭击 + CALAMITY_FAMILY 月度减产乘子

【C 治理】
- C13 破境丹渡劫修正：大境界时药力→tribBoost 加成（+12%）入渡劫事件，不再跳过三选
- C14 存储防线：loadState 补 migrate；MigrationError（TOO_NEW/未知版本）提示升级

【UI 半批】
- 坊市新增 定制tab（丹方/铸器）；ChroniclePanel 手写史书输入条；MemberModal 册立家主钮
- 年报摘要（要闻5条+辞世讣告）；EventModal 选项收益预览
- 结盟引擎：setAlliance（relation≥40）/盟友岁差不降/年利15灵石

src/renderer/game/engine/runtime/Systems/cultivation.ts

@@ -11,11 +11,12 @@ import { newCharacter } from '../pcgen'
 import { MALE_GIVEN, FEMALE_GIVEN } from '../../kernel/names'
 import { ASPIRATION_IDS } from '../../../data/aspirations'
 import { seasonMod } from '../../../data/season'
+import { bonusOf } from '../../../data/buildings'
 import { needsTribulation, tribulationEventId } from './tribulation'
 
-export function monthlyRate(w: World, c: Character): number {
+export function monthlyRate(w: World, c: Character, herbFactor = 1): number {
   const st = w.state
-  let rate = 1
+  let rate = herbFactor
   rate *= 1.0 + c.perception * 0.18
   rate *= ROOT_GRADES[c.roots.grade]?.expBonus ?? 0.5
   const tech = techniqueById(c.techniqueId)
@@ -25,8 +26,7 @@ export function monthlyRate(w: World, c: Character): number {
     rate *= 0.65
   }
   const buildings = st.family.buildings
-  const juling = buildings['juling'] ?? 0
-  rate *= 1 + juling * 0.05
+  rate *= 1 + bonusOf('juling', 'expBonus', buildings['juling'] ?? 0)
   if (w.sysEnabled('season')) rate *= 1 + seasonMod(st.month, 'cult')
   rate *= 1 + w.postBonus('expAll')
   if (st.family.flag['fengFeiBless']) rate *= 1.05
@@ -37,8 +37,7 @@ export function monthlyRate(w: World, c: Character): number {
   if (c.state === 'meditation') {
     rate *= 1.35
     rate *= 1 + w.postBonus('meditation') + (w.sysEnabled('season') ? seasonMod(st.month, 'meditation') : 0)
-    const dongfu = buildings['dongfu'] ?? 0
-    rate *= 1 + dongfu * 0.08
+    rate *= 1 + bonusOf('dongfu', 'expBonus', buildings['dongfu'] ?? 0)
   } else if (c.state === 'expedition') {
     rate *= 0.25
   } else if (c.state === 'wounded') {
@@ -68,9 +67,29 @@ export function cultivationTick(w: World): void {
       c.aspiration = w.rng.pick(ASPIRATION_IDS)
     }
   }
+  // ---- A1 修为经济化：灵草是修行燃料 ----
+  const inv = w.state.family.inventory
+  let demand = 0
   for (const c of Object.values(w.state.members)) {
     if (!c.alive || c.state === 'apprentice') continue
-    const rate = monthlyRate(w, c)
+    if (c.realm.major === 'mortal') continue
+    demand += c.state === 'meditation' ? 2 : 1
+  }
+  let herbFactor = 1
+  if (demand > 0) {
+    const supply = inv.lingcao ?? 0
+    const used = Math.min(supply, demand)
+    inv.lingcao = supply - used
+    const ratio = supply >= demand ? 1 : supply / demand
+    herbFactor = 0.6 + 0.4 * ratio
+    if (ratio < 0.5 && w.state.family.flag['herbWarnYear'] !== w.state.year) {
+      w.state.family.flag['herbWarnYear'] = w.state.year
+      w.log('bad', '灵草告罄，族中修行渐缓——需扩灵田药园或购草补续。')
+    }
+  }
+  for (const c of Object.values(w.state.members)) {
+    if (!c.alive || c.state === 'apprentice') continue
+    const rate = monthlyRate(w, c, herbFactor)
     if (rate <= 0) continue
     c.realmProgress = Math.min(100, c.realmProgress + rate)
     // 悟道进度：有功法且修为之外，另积一分慧根