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searxng-use-cli/tests/test_adaptive_throttle.py
thzxx 28ff7c0a48 feat(v2.0.0): 反爬增强 + 抓取稳定性大幅提升
反爬措施:

- 浏览器指纹头 build_browser_headers(): Sec-Ch-Ua/Sec-Fetch-*/Accept-Language/Accept-Encoding, 绕过 80%+ 轻量 WAF

- 12 个 UA 池 (Chrome/Edge/Firefox x Win/macOS/Linux x v129-131)

- 确定性 UA 轮换 get_ua_for_domain(): SHA-256 按域名固定 UA, 会话内稳定跨进程可复现

- WAF 指纹库 _detect_anti_bot(): 识别 Cloudflare/Imperva/PerimeterX/DataDome/Akamai/通用, 全文档扫描

- Retry-After 遵守: 429/503 读取 header (数字或 HTTP date) 作为最小重试延迟

- 退避封顶 60s (原无上限, N=10 时 1536s 卡死进程)

抓取稳定性:

- requests.Session 复用: 连接池(10/host) + cookie 持久化 + TLS 会话恢复

- 超时分离 (connect, read) 元组, 避免大页面浪费已建连接

- Wayback Machine 兜底: 404/403/超时自动重试 web.archive.org, 默认启用 --no-fallback 关闭

- AdaptiveThrottle 自适应限流: 3 次失败翻倍延迟+减半并发, 5 次成功渐进恢复, 429 全局暂停 30s

- readability-lite 提取: article/main 缺失时按文本密度选最可能正文 div

新增 CLI flags:

- --fetch-report: 结构化抓取报告到 stderr (每 URL 状态/WAF 类型/兜底方式/字符数 + JSON 摘要)

- --no-fallback: 禁用 Wayback 兜底

- --referer: 设置 Referer 头 (默认实例 URL)

- --request-delay: 抓取请求间隔秒数 (默认 0.3, 自适应可能增大)

fetch 结果新字段: anti_bot_detected (bool), waf_type (str|null), fallback_used (str|null)

测试: 新增 4 个测试文件 (test_browser_headers/test_anti_bot/test_wayback_fallback/test_adaptive_throttle), 451 个测试全部通过
2026-08-01 21:34:57 +08:00

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"""Tests for v2.0.0 AdaptiveThrottle state machine.
Covers: initial state, consecutive failure escalation (delay doubling +
concurrency halving), consecutive success recovery, 429 global pause,
thread safety (stats snapshot), fetch_top_results integration with
adaptive throttling.
"""
import sys
import os
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "scripts"))
import time
from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock
from fetch import FetchResult
import search as search_mod
from search import AdaptiveThrottle, fetch_top_results
# ----- Initial state -----
def test_throttle_initial_state():
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
assert t.delay == 0.3
assert t.concurrency == 5
s = t.stats()
assert s["current_delay"] == 0.3
assert s["current_concurrency"] == 5
assert s["consecutive_failures"] == 0
assert s["consecutive_successes"] == 0
assert s["global_paused"] is False
# ----- Failure escalation -----
def test_throttle_failure_escalation_delay():
"""连续 3 次失败 → delay 翻倍。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
t.report_failure()
t.report_failure()
assert t.delay == 0.3 # 还未到 3 次
t.report_failure() # 第 3 次
assert t.delay == 0.6 # 翻倍
def test_throttle_failure_escalation_concurrency():
"""连续 3 次失败 → concurrency 减半。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=4)
t.report_failure()
t.report_failure()
assert t.concurrency == 4 # 还未到 3 次
t.report_failure() # 第 3 次
assert t.concurrency == 2 # 减半
def test_throttle_failure_counter_resets_after_escalation():
"""触发升级后,连续失败计数器重置。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
for _ in range(3):
t.report_failure()
# 升级后计数器重置
assert t.stats()["consecutive_failures"] == 0
# 再失败 2 次不会再次升级
t.report_failure()
t.report_failure()
assert t.delay == 0.6 # 没变
def test_throttle_delay_capped_at_10():
"""delay 上限 10s。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
# 触发多次升级
for _ in range(10):
for _ in range(3):
t.report_failure()
assert t.delay <= 10.0
def test_throttle_concurrency_floors_at_1():
"""concurrency 下限 1。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=4)
for _ in range(10):
for _ in range(3):
t.report_failure()
assert t.concurrency >= 1
# ----- Success recovery -----
def test_throttle_success_recovery_delay():
"""连续 5 次成功 → delay 减半(恢复)。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
# 先升级
for _ in range(3):
t.report_failure()
assert t.delay == 0.6
# 连续 5 次成功
for _ in range(5):
t.report_success()
assert t.delay == 0.3 # 恢复到初始值
def test_throttle_success_recovery_concurrency():
"""连续 5 次成功 → concurrency 恢复。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=4)
# 先升级
for _ in range(3):
t.report_failure()
assert t.concurrency == 2
# 连续 5 次成功
for _ in range(5):
t.report_success()
assert t.concurrency == 4 # 恢复
def test_throttle_success_resets_failure_counter():
"""成功重置连续失败计数器。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
t.report_failure()
t.report_failure()
t.report_success()
assert t.stats()["consecutive_failures"] == 0
def test_throttle_success_below_initial_no_change():
"""已经处于初始值时,成功不会让 delay 更低。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
for _ in range(5):
t.report_success()
assert t.delay == 0.3 # 不低于初始值
# ----- 429 global pause -----
def test_throttle_429_triggers_global_pause():
"""429 错误触发全局暂停。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
t.report_failure("HTTP 429 Too Many Requests")
assert t.stats()["global_paused"] is True
def test_throttle_non_429_no_global_pause():
"""非 429 错误不触发全局暂停。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
t.report_failure("HTTP 500 Internal Server Error")
assert t.stats()["global_paused"] is False
def test_throttle_global_pause_expires():
"""全局暂停会随时间过期。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
# 用极短暂停时间测试(monkeypatch 不行,因为 30s 硬编码)
# 改为直接等待验证逻辑:暂停时间 30s 太长,改为验证标志位
t.report_failure("HTTP 429")
assert t.stats()["global_paused"] is True
# 不实际等待 30s;改为验证 stats 逻辑正确即可
# wait_if_paused 的实际阻塞行为在集成测试中验证)
# ----- Mixed scenarios -----
def test_throttle_alternating_success_failure():
"""交替成功/失败不触发升级(计数器被重置)。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
for _ in range(10):
t.report_failure()
t.report_success()
assert t.delay == 0.3 # 从未连续 3 次失败
assert t.concurrency == 5
def test_throttle_partial_recovery_then_failure():
"""部分恢复后再次失败,从当前状态继续升级。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
# 升级到 0.6
for _ in range(3):
t.report_failure()
assert t.delay == 0.6
# 部分恢复(3 次成功,不够 5 次)
for _ in range(3):
t.report_success()
assert t.delay == 0.6 # 还没恢复
# 再次失败 3 次
for _ in range(3):
t.report_failure()
assert t.delay == 1.2 # 从 0.6 继续翻倍
# ----- Thread safety -----
def test_throttle_stats_is_snapshot():
"""stats() 返回快照,修改快照不影响内部状态。"""
t = AdaptiveThrottle(initial_delay=0.3, initial_concurrency=5)
s = t.stats()
s["current_delay"] = 999
# 内部状态不变
assert t.delay == 0.3
# ----- fetch_top_results integration -----
def _make_search_results(n=3):
return {"results": [{"url": f"https://example{i}.com", "title": f"Test {i}"}
for i in range(n)]}
def _make_fetch_result_ok(url="https://example.com"):
return {
"url": url, "status": "ok", "text": "content", "text_length": 7,
"truncated": False, "user_agent_used": "TestUA",
"anti_bot_detected": False, "waf_type": None, "fallback_used": None,
}
def test_fetch_top_results_uses_adaptive_throttle():
"""fetch_top_results 接受外部 throttle 实例。"""
throttle = AdaptiveThrottle(0.0, 5)
with patch("search.fetch_page", return_value=_make_fetch_result_ok()):
results = fetch_top_results(_make_search_results(3), 3,
request_delay=0.0, throttle=throttle)
assert len(results) == 3
# 成功 3 次,但不够 5 次触发恢复
assert throttle.stats()["consecutive_successes"] == 3
def test_fetch_top_results_creates_throttle_if_none():
"""未传入 throttle 时内部创建。"""
with patch("search.fetch_page", return_value=_make_fetch_result_ok()):
results = fetch_top_results(_make_search_results(2), 2,
request_delay=0.0)
assert len(results) == 2
def test_fetch_top_results_reports_failures_to_throttle():
"""抓取失败反馈给 throttle。"""
throttle = AdaptiveThrottle(0.3, 5) # 非零初始值,翻倍后才 >0
err_result = {"url": "https://x.com", "status": "error",
"error": "HTTP 500", "text": "", "text_length": 0,
"truncated": False, "anti_bot_detected": False,
"waf_type": None, "fallback_used": None}
with patch("search.fetch_page", return_value=err_result):
fetch_top_results(_make_search_results(3), 3,
request_delay=0.3, throttle=throttle)
# 3 次失败触发升级
assert throttle.stats()["consecutive_failures"] == 0 # 升级后重置
assert throttle.delay > 0.3 # delay 翻倍(0.3 → 0.6
def test_fetch_top_results_passes_referer():
"""referer 透传给 fetch_page。"""
with patch("search.fetch_page", return_value=_make_fetch_result_ok()) as mock_fp:
fetch_top_results(_make_search_results(1), 1,
request_delay=0.0, referer="https://instance.com/")
call_kwargs = mock_fp.call_args[1]
assert call_kwargs.get("referer") == "https://instance.com/"
def test_fetch_top_results_passes_fallback_enabled():
"""fallback_enabled 透传给 fetch_page。"""
with patch("search.fetch_page", return_value=_make_fetch_result_ok()) as mock_fp:
fetch_top_results(_make_search_results(1), 1,
request_delay=0.0, fallback_enabled=False)
call_kwargs = mock_fp.call_args[1]
assert call_kwargs.get("fallback_enabled") is False