build: 提交 dist 构建产物（v0.4.3 完整 5 格式 + sourcemap + 类型声明）

dist/metona-editor.cjs

@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: '大纲',
         cut: '剪切', copy: '复制', paste: '粘贴', selectAll: '全选',
         regex: '正则表达式', shortcuts: '快捷键', imageTooLarge: '图片过大（{size}KB > {max}KB）',
+        formatToolbar: '格式化选区', pasteBlocked: '无法直接粘贴，请使用 Ctrl+V',
     },
     'en-US': {
         bold: 'Bold', italic: 'Italic', underline: 'Underline', strikethrough: 'Strikethrough',
@@ -136,6 +137,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: 'Outline',
         cut: 'Cut', copy: 'Copy', paste: 'Paste', selectAll: 'Select All',
         regex: 'Regex', shortcuts: 'Shortcuts', imageTooLarge: 'Image too large ({size}KB > {max}KB)',
+        formatToolbar: 'Format selection', pasteBlocked: 'Cannot paste directly, use Ctrl+V',
     },
     ja: {
         bold: '太字', italic: '斜体', underline: '下線', strikethrough: '打ち消し線',
@@ -163,6 +165,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: 'アウトライン',
         cut: '切り取り', copy: 'コピー', paste: '貼り付け', selectAll: 'すべて選択',
         regex: '正規表現', shortcuts: 'ショートカット', imageTooLarge: '画像が大きすぎます（{size}KB > {max}KB）',
+        formatToolbar: '選択範囲を整形', pasteBlocked: '直接貼り付けできません。Ctrl+V を使用してください',
     },
     ko: {
         bold: '굵게', italic: '기울임', underline: '밑줄', strikethrough: '취소선',
@@ -190,6 +193,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: '개요',
         cut: '잘라내기', copy: '복사', paste: '붙여넣기', selectAll: '전체 선택',
         regex: '정규식', shortcuts: '단축키', imageTooLarge: '이미지가 너무 큽니다 ({size}KB > {max}KB)',
+        formatToolbar: '선택 영역 서식', pasteBlocked: '직접 붙여넣을 수 없습니다. Ctrl+V를 사용하세요',
     },
     fr: {
         bold: 'Gras', italic: 'Italique', underline: 'Souligné', strikethrough: 'Barré',
@@ -217,6 +221,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: 'Plan',
         cut: 'Couper', copy: 'Copier', paste: 'Coller', selectAll: 'Tout sélectionner',
         regex: 'Regex', shortcuts: 'Raccourcis', imageTooLarge: 'Image trop grande ({size}Ko > {max}Ko)',
+        formatToolbar: 'Formater la sélection', pasteBlocked: 'Impossible de coller directement, utilisez Ctrl+V',
     },
     de: {
         bold: 'Fett', italic: 'Kursiv', underline: 'Unterstrichen', strikethrough: 'Durchgestrichen',
@@ -244,6 +249,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: 'Gliederung',
         cut: 'Ausschneiden', copy: 'Kopieren', paste: 'Einfügen', selectAll: 'Alles auswählen',
         regex: 'Regex', shortcuts: 'Tastenkürzel', imageTooLarge: 'Bild zu groß ({size}KB > {max}KB)',
+        formatToolbar: 'Auswahl formatieren', pasteBlocked: 'Direktes Einfügen nicht möglich, verwenden Sie Strg+V',
     },
 };
 
@@ -2154,15 +2160,21 @@ const searchReplacePlugin = {
                     ta.value = ta.value.substring(0, s) + r + ta.value.substring(e);
                     ta.setSelectionRange(s, s + r.length);
                 }
+                const oldV = editor._value || '';
                 editor._value = ta.value;
-                if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
+                if (typeof editor._afterProgrammaticEdit === 'function') {
-                    editor._pushHistory();
+                    editor._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
+                }
-                    editor._render();
+                else {
-                if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                    if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
-                    editor._updateWordCount();
+                        editor._pushHistory();
-                if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                    if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
-                    editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                        editor._render();
+                    if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                        editor._updateWordCount();
+                    if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                        editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                }
                 findNext();
             };
             const replaceAll = () => {
@@ -2173,17 +2185,23 @@ const searchReplacePlugin = {
                 const re = buildPattern(q);
                 if (!re)
                     return;
+                const oldV = editor._value || '';
                 ta.value = ta.value.replace(re, () => r);
                 ta.setSelectionRange(0, 0);
                 editor._value = ta.value;
-                if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
+                if (typeof editor._afterProgrammaticEdit === 'function') {
-                    editor._pushHistory();
+                    editor._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
+                }
-                    editor._render();
+                else {
-                if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                    if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
-                    editor._updateWordCount();
+                        editor._pushHistory();
-                if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                    if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
-                    editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                        editor._render();
+                    if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                        editor._updateWordCount();
+                    if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                        editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                }
                 findAll();
             };
             fi.addEventListener('input', () => { lastIdxs = findAll(); });
@@ -2849,11 +2867,10 @@ function wrapSelection(before, after) {
     else {
         ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + before.length;
     }
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._updateWordCount();
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 // ============ Line prefix toggling ============
 function toggleLinePrefix(prefix) {
@@ -2874,11 +2891,10 @@ function toggleLinePrefix(prefix) {
     ta.value = ta.value.slice(0, lineStart) + newLine + ta.value.slice(lineEnd);
     ta.focus();
     ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = lineStart + newLine.length;
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._updateWordCount();
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 // ============ Block insertion ============
 function insertBlock(text) {
@@ -2891,11 +2907,10 @@ function insertBlock(text) {
     ta.focus();
     const pos = start + insert.length;
     ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = pos;
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._updateWordCount();
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 function insertLink() {
     const ta = this.textarea;
@@ -2908,10 +2923,10 @@ function insertLink() {
     ta.focus();
     ta.selectionStart = start + sel.length + 3;
     ta.selectionEnd = ta.selectionStart + url.length;
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 function insertImage() {
     const ta = this.textarea;
@@ -2924,10 +2939,10 @@ function insertImage() {
     ta.focus();
     ta.selectionStart = start + sel.length + 4;
     ta.selectionEnd = ta.selectionStart + url.length;
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 function insertTable(rows = 3, cols = 3) {
     const header = Array.from({ length: cols }, (_, i) => `${this.t('tableCols') || '列'}${i + 1}`).join(' | ');
@@ -2969,10 +2984,10 @@ function formatTable() {
         return '| ' + padded.join(' | ') + ' |';
     });
     ta.value = ta.value.substring(0, tableStart) + formatted.join('\n') + ta.value.substring(tableEnd);
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 // ============ Prototype installation ============
 const installCommands = (proto) => {
@@ -2988,8 +3003,17 @@ const installCommands = (proto) => {
 /**
  * MetonaEditor Floating Toolbar — selection format toolbar
  * @module floating-toolbar
- * @version 0.4.0
+ * @version 0.4.3
+ *
+ * 定位策略（v0.4.3 重做）：mirror 镜像测量。
+ * 创建与 textarea 排版样式一致的隐藏镜像层，在选区锚点（文档序中点）处
+ * 插入零宽字符 marker，读取其 offsetLeft/offsetTop 得到像素级精确坐标，
+ * 彻底替代旧版按字符宽度估算的方案（CJK、软换行、tab 宽度、字体
+ * fallback 的误差全部消除）。锚点滚出可视区自动隐藏；textarea 滚动时
+ * rAF 节流重定位；divider 拖拽结束 / 窗口 resize 后隐藏待重新触发。
  */
+/** 浮动工具栏与选区锚点之间的间距（px） */
+const ANCHOR_GAP = 6;
 function initFloatingToolbar() {
     if (typeof document === 'undefined')
         return;
@@ -2997,11 +3021,9 @@ function initFloatingToolbar() {
     if (!document.getElementById('me-float-style')) {
         const style = document.createElement('style');
         style.id = 'me-float-style';
-        style.textContent = `.me-float-toolbar{position:absolute;z-index:25;display:flex;gap:4px;padding:4px 6px;background:var(--md-toolbar-bg,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--md-border,rgba(0,0,0,0.1));border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 8px 24px -8px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);opacity:0;transform:translateY(4px);transition:opacity .15s,transform .15s;pointer-events:none}.me-float-toolbar.me-visible{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0);pointer-events:auto}.me-float-toolbar .me-btn{width:28px;height:28px}`;
+        style.textContent = `.me-float-toolbar{position:absolute;z-index:25;display:flex;gap:4px;padding:4px 6px;background:var(--md-toolbar-bg,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--md-border,rgba(0,0,0,0.1));border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 8px 24px -8px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transform:translateY(4px);transition:opacity .15s,transform .15s,visibility .15s;pointer-events:none}.me-float-toolbar.me-visible{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:translateY(0);pointer-events:auto}.me-float-toolbar .me-btn{width:28px;height:28px}.me-float-mirror{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none;z-index:-1;border:0;margin:0}`;
         document.head.appendChild(style);
     }
-    if (!this._floatingEnabled)
-        return;
     const ta = this.textarea;
     const show = () => {
         if (this._destroyed || this.config.readOnly || !this._floatingEnabled)
@@ -3014,58 +3036,130 @@ function initFloatingToolbar() {
         }
         if (!this._floatingToolbar || !this._floatingToolbar.parentNode)
             this._buildFloatingToolbar();
-        const taRect = ta.getBoundingClientRect();
+        const anchor = this._measureSelectionAnchor();
-        const paneRect = this.editorPane.getBoundingClientRect();
+        if (!anchor) {
+            this._hideFloatingToolbar();
+            return;
+        }
+        // 选区锚点行已滚出 textarea 可视区时隐藏（跟随滚动的重定位会再次显示）
+        if (anchor.y < -parseFloat(getComputedStyle(ta).lineHeight || '22') || anchor.y > ta.clientHeight) {
+            this._hideFloatingToolbar();
+            return;
+        }
+        const bar = this._floatingToolbar;
+        // 实测尺寸定位（替代旧版 -80 / 36 / 200 等魔法数字）
+        const barRect = bar.getBoundingClientRect();
+        const barW = barRect.width || 170;
+        const barH = barRect.height || 38;
         const taStyle = getComputedStyle(ta);
         const lineHeight = parseFloat(taStyle.lineHeight) || 22;
-        const paddingTop = parseFloat(taStyle.paddingTop) || 16;
+        const paneW = this.editorPane.getBoundingClientRect().width;
-        const paddingLeft = parseFloat(taStyle.paddingLeft) || 18;
+        let top = anchor.y - barH - ANCHOR_GAP;
-        const fontSize = parseFloat(taStyle.fontSize) || 13.5;
+        if (top < ANCHOR_GAP)
-        const textBefore = ta.value.substring(0, start);
+            top = anchor.y + lineHeight + ANCHOR_GAP;
-        const lines = textBefore.split('\n');
+        let left = anchor.x - barW / 2;
-        const currentLine = lines.length - 1;
+        left = Math.max(4, Math.min(left, paneW - barW - 4));
-        const currentCol = textBefore.length - textBefore.lastIndexOf('\n') - 1;
+        if (left < 4)
-        const midCol = currentCol + Math.floor((end - start) / 2 * ((ta.selectionDirection === 'backward') ? -1 : 1));
+            left = 4; // 极窄面板兜底
-        const lineViewportTop = taRect.top + paddingTop + currentLine * lineHeight - ta.scrollTop;
+        bar.style.top = top + 'px';
-        const lineLocalTop = lineViewportTop - paneRect.top;
+        bar.style.left = left + 'px';
-        const toolbarHeight = 36;
+        bar.classList.add('me-visible');
-        const gap = 4;
-        let top = lineLocalTop - toolbarHeight - gap;
-        if (top < gap)
-            top = lineLocalTop + lineHeight + gap;
-        // 逐字符估算列偏移：CJK 全角字符宽约 1em，其余按 0.6em，
-        // 纯 ASCII 选区回退到原 0.6em 估算，中文选区不再整体偏左。
-        const CJK_RE = /[\u1100-\u115F\u2E80-\u303E\u3041-\u33FF\u3400-\u4DBF\u4E00-\u9FFF\uAC00-\uD7A3\uF900-\uFAFF\uFE30-\uFE4F\uFF00-\uFF60\uFFE0-\uFFE6]/;
-        const lineText = lines[lines.length - 1] || '';
-        const measureX = (col) => {
-            let w = 0;
-            const n = Math.max(0, Math.min(col, lineText.length));
-            for (let i = 0; i < n; i++)
-                w += CJK_RE.test(lineText[i]) ? fontSize : fontSize * 0.6;
-            return w;
-        };
-        const colX = taRect.left + paddingLeft + measureX(midCol) - ta.scrollLeft;
-        let left = colX - paneRect.left - 80;
-        left = Math.max(4, Math.min(left, paneRect.width - 200));
-        this._floatingToolbar.style.top = top + 'px';
-        this._floatingToolbar.style.left = left + 'px';
-        this._floatingToolbar.classList.add('me-visible');
     };
     const hide = () => { this._hideFloatingToolbar(); };
-    ta.addEventListener('mouseup', () => setTimeout(show, 0));
+    // 滚动跟随：rAF 节流重定位（保持纯事件驱动，不做轮询）
-    ta.addEventListener('keyup', () => {
+    let rafPending = false;
+    const reposition = () => {
+        if (rafPending)
+            return;
+        rafPending = true;
+        requestAnimationFrame(() => { rafPending = false; show(); });
+    };
+    const onMouseUp = () => setTimeout(show, 0);
+    const onKeyup = () => {
         // selectionChange / cursorMove 事件由 core._emitCursorEvents 统一发射
         if (ta.selectionStart !== ta.selectionEnd)
             setTimeout(show, 0);
         else
             setTimeout(hide, 0);
-    });
+    };
-    ta.addEventListener('blur', () => setTimeout(hide, 300));
+    const onBlur = () => setTimeout(() => {
-    ta.addEventListener('click', () => {
+        // 焦点快速抖动场景（如自动化 fill 后还原焦点再 focus 回来、
+        // 宿主脚本焦点切换）：延迟到期时焦点已回到 textarea 则不隐藏
+        if (document.activeElement === ta)
+            return;
+        hide();
+    }, 300);
+    const onClick = () => {
         if (ta.selectionStart === ta.selectionEnd)
             hide();
+    };
+    const onScroll = reposition;
+    // 布局变化后旧坐标失效，直接隐藏（下次选区交互重新显示）
+    const onResize = () => hide();
+    ta.addEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp);
+    ta.addEventListener('keyup', onKeyup);
+    ta.addEventListener('blur', onBlur);
+    ta.addEventListener('click', onClick);
+    ta.addEventListener('scroll', onScroll);
+    window.addEventListener('resize', onResize);
+    // 事件绑定与启用状态解耦：floatingToolbar:false 构造的实例，
+    // toggleFloatingToolbar() 打开后仍可正常显示（修复“死开关”）。
+    this._cleanups.push(() => {
+        ta.removeEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp);
+        ta.removeEventListener('keyup', onKeyup);
+        ta.removeEventListener('blur', onBlur);
+        ta.removeEventListener('click', onClick);
+        ta.removeEventListener('scroll', onScroll);
+        window.removeEventListener('resize', onResize);
     });
 }
+/**
+ * 镜像测量选区锚点坐标（相对 editorPane 的局部坐标）。
+ * 锚点 = 选区文档序中点：单行选区即视觉中部，跨行选区约在选区垂直中心。
+ */
+function measureSelectionAnchor() {
+    const ta = this.textarea;
+    if (!ta || !this.editorPane)
+        return null;
+    const start = ta.selectionStart;
+    const end = ta.selectionEnd;
+    if (start === end)
+        return null;
+    const anchor = Math.floor((start + end) / 2);
+    // 懒创建镜像层并复制 textarea 排版样式（font/行高/padding/换行/tab）
+    let mirror = this._floatMirror;
+    if (!mirror || !mirror.parentNode) {
+        mirror = document.createElement('div');
+        mirror.className = 'me-float-mirror';
+        this.editorPane.appendChild(mirror);
+        this._floatMirror = mirror;
+    }
+    const cs = getComputedStyle(ta);
+    const props = [
+        ['fontFamily', cs.fontFamily], ['fontSize', cs.fontSize], ['fontWeight', cs.fontWeight],
+        ['fontStyle', cs.fontStyle], ['letterSpacing', cs.letterSpacing], ['lineHeight', cs.lineHeight],
+        ['paddingTop', cs.paddingTop], ['paddingRight', cs.paddingRight],
+        ['paddingBottom', cs.paddingBottom], ['paddingLeft', cs.paddingLeft],
+        ['whiteSpace', cs.whiteSpace], ['overflowWrap', cs.overflowWrap],
+        ['wordBreak', cs.wordBreak], ['tabSize', cs.tabSize], ['boxSizing', 'border-box'],
+    ];
+    props.forEach(([k, v]) => { mirror.style[k] = v; });
+    // 宽度对齐 textarea 文本排版区（clientWidth 含 padding 不含滚动条）
+    mirror.style.width = ta.clientWidth + 'px';
+    // 仅需锚点前缀文本：其后内容不影响锚点位置（折行由前缀决定）
+    mirror.textContent = '';
+    mirror.appendChild(document.createTextNode(ta.value.slice(0, anchor)));
+    const marker = document.createElement('span');
+    marker.textContent = '\u200b';
+    mirror.appendChild(marker);
+    // marker 坐标相对 mirror（position:absolute 的 offsetParent，border 0），
+    // 即字符相对 textarea border box 的位置；再扣除滚动、平移到 pane 局部坐标
+    const x = marker.offsetLeft - ta.scrollLeft;
+    const y = marker.offsetTop - ta.scrollTop;
+    const taRect = ta.getBoundingClientRect();
+    const paneRect = this.editorPane.getBoundingClientRect();
+    return { x: x + taRect.left - paneRect.left, y: y + taRect.top - paneRect.top };
+}
 function toggleFloatingToolbar() {
     this._floatingEnabled = !this._floatingEnabled;
     if (!this._floatingEnabled) {
@@ -3081,15 +3175,23 @@ function isFloatingToolbar() { return this._floatingEnabled; }
 function buildFloatingToolbar() {
     const bar = document.createElement('div');
     bar.className = 'me-float-toolbar';
+    bar.setAttribute('role', 'toolbar');
+    bar.setAttribute('aria-label', this.t('formatToolbar') || '格式化选区');
     const actions = ['bold', 'italic', 'code', 'link', 'strikethrough'];
     actions.forEach((action) => {
         const btn = this._createBtn(action);
+        // mousedown 阻止夺焦（textarea 选区与焦点保持）；命令执行统一走 click，
+        // 键盘 Enter/Space 触发的 click 同样生效（可访问性）
         btn.addEventListener('mousedown', (e) => {
             e.preventDefault();
             e.stopPropagation();
+        });
+        btn.addEventListener('click', () => {
             this.exec(action);
-            // Keep selection after exec
+            this._hideFloatingToolbar();
-            setTimeout(() => this.textarea.focus(), 0);
+            // Keep selection after exec（延迟回调时实例可能已销毁）
+            setTimeout(() => { if (!this._destroyed && this.textarea)
+                this.textarea.focus(); }, 0);
         });
         bar.appendChild(btn);
     });
@@ -3108,6 +3210,7 @@ const installFloatingToolbar = (proto) => {
     proto.isFloatingToolbar = isFloatingToolbar;
     proto._buildFloatingToolbar = buildFloatingToolbar;
     proto._hideFloatingToolbar = hideFloatingToolbar;
+    proto._measureSelectionAnchor = measureSelectionAnchor;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -3172,7 +3275,8 @@ function showContextMenu(e) {
         el.className = 'me-context-menu-item';
         if (item.disabled)
             el.classList.add('me-disabled');
-        el.innerHTML = `<span>${item.label}</span>${item.shortcut ? `<span class="me-context-menu-shortcut">${item.shortcut}</span>` : ''}`;
+        // 自定义菜单项的 label / shortcut 经转义后拼接（防 HTML 注入）
+        el.innerHTML = `<span>${escapeHTML(item.label)}</span>${item.shortcut ? `<span class="me-context-menu-shortcut">${escapeHTML(item.shortcut)}</span>` : ''}`;
         el.addEventListener('click', (ev) => {
             ev.stopPropagation();
             if (item.disabled)
@@ -3218,9 +3322,13 @@ function execContextAction(action) {
         case 'copy':
             document.execCommand('copy');
             break;
-        case 'paste':
+        case 'paste': {
-            document.execCommand('paste');
+            // 现代浏览器出于安全限制，execCommand('paste') 通常静默失败 —— 提示改用 Ctrl+V
+            const ok = document.execCommand('paste');
+            if (!ok)
+                this.toast(this.t('pasteBlocked') || '无法直接粘贴，请使用 Ctrl+V', { type: 'info' });
             break;
+        }
         case 'selectAll':
             ta.focus();
             ta.select();
@@ -3475,6 +3583,7 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         this._zenMouseHandler = null;
         this._floatingToolbar = null;
         this._floatingEnabled = this.config.floatingToolbar !== false;
+        this._floatMirror = null;
         this._renderFn = (typeof this.config.render === 'function') ? this.config.render : parseMarkdown;
         this._highlightFn = (typeof this.config.highlight === 'function') ? this.config.highlight : null;
         MarkdownEditor.trigger('beforeCreate', this);
@@ -3496,8 +3605,9 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         this._bindEvents();
         this._bindContextMenu();
         this._trackOutlineScroll();
-        if (this.config.floatingToolbar !== false)
+        // 无条件绑定事件（show 内部检查 _floatingEnabled）：
-            this._initFloatingToolbar();
+        // floatingToolbar:false 构造的实例 toggleFloatingToolbar() 打开后仍可显示
+        this._initFloatingToolbar();
         this.textarea.value = this._value;
         if (!this._wordWrap)
             this.textarea.style.whiteSpace = 'pre';
@@ -3777,6 +3887,12 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         this.toolbarEl.addEventListener('click', onToolbarClick);
         const onDividerDown = (e) => this._bindDividerDrag(e);
         this.dividerEl.addEventListener('pointerdown', onDividerDown);
+        // 全屏模式按 Esc 退出（与 shortcutHelp 面板的 Esc 关闭互不冲突：条件互斥）
+        const onDocKeydown = (e) => {
+            if (e.key === 'Escape' && this._fullscreen)
+                this.exitFullscreen();
+        };
+        document.addEventListener('keydown', onDocKeydown);
         this._bindDragDrop();
         this._cleanups.push(() => {
             ta.removeEventListener('input', onInput);
@@ -3790,6 +3906,7 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             ta.removeEventListener('blur', onBlur);
             this.toolbarEl.removeEventListener('click', onToolbarClick);
             this.dividerEl.removeEventListener('pointerdown', onDividerDown);
+            document.removeEventListener('keydown', onDocKeydown);
         });
     }
     _handleKeydown(e) {
@@ -3874,10 +3991,10 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             ta.selectionStart = lineStart;
             ta.selectionEnd = lineStart + newBlock.length;
         }
+        const old = this._value;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(old);
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
     }
     _bindDividerDrag(e) {
         if (this._mode !== 'split')
@@ -3903,6 +4020,8 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             window.removeEventListener('pointermove', onMove);
             window.removeEventListener('pointerup', onUp);
             this._saveDividerPosition();
+            // pane 宽度变化导致折行重排，旧定位坐标失效，隐藏待重新触发
+            this._hideFloatingToolbar();
         };
         window.addEventListener('pointermove', onMove);
         window.addEventListener('pointerup', onUp);
@@ -4018,12 +4137,12 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             const content = listMatch[3];
             if (!content.trim()) {
                 e.preventDefault();
+                const oldV = this._value;
                 ta.value = val.slice(0, lineStart) + '\n' + val.slice(start);
                 ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = lineStart;
                 this._value = ta.value;
                 this._pushHistory();
-                this._renderGutter();
+                this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                this._emit('change', this._value);
                 return;
             }
             let nextMarker = marker;
@@ -4036,10 +4155,10 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             const insert = '\n' + indent + nextMarker + ' ';
             ta.value = val.slice(0, start) + insert + val.slice(ta.selectionEnd);
             ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + insert.length;
+            const oldV = this._value;
             this._value = ta.value;
             this._pushHistory();
-            this._renderGutter();
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
             return;
         }
         const quoteMatch = line.match(/^(\s*>+\s?)(.*)/);
@@ -4048,22 +4167,22 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             const content = quoteMatch[2];
             if (!content.trim()) {
                 e.preventDefault();
+                const oldV = this._value;
                 ta.value = val.slice(0, lineStart) + '\n' + val.slice(start);
                 ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = lineStart;
                 this._value = ta.value;
                 this._pushHistory();
-                this._renderGutter();
+                this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                this._emit('change', this._value);
                 return;
             }
             e.preventDefault();
             const insert = '\n' + prefix;
             ta.value = val.slice(0, start) + insert + val.slice(ta.selectionEnd);
             ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + insert.length;
+            const oldV = this._value;
             this._value = ta.value;
             this._pushHistory();
-            this._renderGutter();
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
         }
     }
     _handleBracketAutoClose(e) {
@@ -4078,6 +4197,7 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         const end = ta.selectionEnd;
         if (start !== end) {
             e.preventDefault();
+            const oldV = this._value;
             const selected = ta.value.slice(start, end);
             const wrap = key + selected + close;
             ta.value = ta.value.slice(0, start) + wrap + ta.value.slice(end);
@@ -4085,7 +4205,7 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             ta.selectionEnd = start + 1 + selected.length;
             this._value = ta.value;
             this._pushHistory();
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
             return;
         }
         const nextChar = ta.value[start] || '';
@@ -4099,12 +4219,13 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
                 return;
         }
         e.preventDefault();
+        const oldV = this._value;
         const pair = key + close;
         ta.value = ta.value.slice(0, start) + pair + ta.value.slice(end);
         ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + 1;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
     }
     _bindDragDrop() {
         const ta = this.textarea;
@@ -4146,6 +4267,39 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
     }
     _scheduleHistory() { if (this._historyTimer)
         clearTimeout(this._historyTimer); this._historyTimer = setTimeout(() => this._pushHistory(), this.config.historyDebounce || 400); }
+    /**
+     * 程序化编辑路径（命令 / 快捷键 / 插件 / API 直改 textarea）的统一刷新管线。
+     * 此前 8 条路径的 预览/行号/字数/大纲 刷新与事件发射参差不齐，
+     * 现统一为：渲染 + 行号 + 字数 + 大纲 + input/change 事件 + 回调 + before/afterChange 钩子。
+     */
+    _afterProgrammaticEdit(oldValue) {
+        MarkdownEditor.trigger('beforeChange', this);
+        this._emit('beforeChange', oldValue, this._value);
+        this._render();
+        this._renderGutter();
+        this._updateWordCount();
+        this._updateOutline();
+        this._emit('input', this._value);
+        this._emit('change', this._value);
+        if (typeof this.config.onInput === 'function') {
+            try {
+                this.config.onInput(this._value, this);
+            }
+            catch (e) {
+                console.error(e);
+            }
+        }
+        if (typeof this.config.onChange === 'function') {
+            try {
+                this.config.onChange(this._value, this);
+            }
+            catch (e) {
+                console.error(e);
+            }
+        }
+        this._emit('afterChange', this._value);
+        MarkdownEditor.trigger('afterChange', this);
+    }
     _pushHistory() {
         // Enforce maxLength as a last-resort guard for programmatic edit paths
         // (tab/indent, smart-enter, bracket auto-close, exec commands) that write
@@ -4176,11 +4330,10 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         const pv = this.previewPane;
         const pvMax = pv ? pv.scrollHeight - pv.clientHeight : 0;
         const pvRatio = pvMax > 0 ? pv.scrollTop / pvMax : null;
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = this._history[this._historyIndex];
         this.textarea.value = this._value;
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._renderGutter();
-        this._updateWordCount();
         if (this.gutter)
             this.gutter.scrollTop = this.textarea.scrollTop;
         if (pv && pvRatio != null) {
@@ -4188,15 +4341,6 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             if (max > 0)
                 pv.scrollTop = pvRatio * max;
         }
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
-        if (typeof this.config.onChange === 'function') {
-            try {
-                this.config.onChange(this._value, this);
-            }
-            catch (e) {
-                console.error(e);
-            }
-        }
     }
     _captureCursor() {
         if (!this.textarea)
@@ -4562,12 +4706,11 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         if (!matches)
             return 0;
         // 函数式替换：替换文本按字面处理，$ 无特殊语义
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = this._limitLength(this._value.replace(re, () => replace));
         this.textarea.value = this._value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._updateWordCount();
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
         return matches.length;
     }
     replaceAllRegex(pattern, replace) {
@@ -4577,12 +4720,11 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         const matches = this._value.match(re);
         if (!matches)
             return 0;
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = this._limitLength(this._value.replace(re, replace));
         this.textarea.value = this._value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._updateWordCount();
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
         return matches.length;
     }
     lineCount() {
@@ -4650,9 +4792,17 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
     copyAsHTML() {
         const html = this.getHTML();
         if (typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && navigator.clipboard) {
-            const blob = new Blob([html], { type: 'text/html' });
+            // ClipboardItem 在 Firefox 等环境缺失，构造即抛 TypeError —— 降级为纯文本复制
-            const item = new ClipboardItem({ 'text/html': blob, 'text/plain': new Blob([this._value], { type: 'text/plain' }) });
+            if (typeof ClipboardItem !== 'undefined') {
-            navigator.clipboard.write([item]).then(() => this._emit('copy', { type: 'html' })).catch(() => { });
+                try {
+                    const blob = new Blob([html], { type: 'text/html' });
+                    const item = new ClipboardItem({ 'text/html': blob, 'text/plain': new Blob([this._value], { type: 'text/plain' }) });
+                    navigator.clipboard.write([item]).then(() => this._emit('copy', { type: 'html' })).catch(() => { });
+                    return this;
+                }
+                catch (_) { /* fallthrough 降级 */ }
+            }
+            navigator.clipboard.writeText(this._value).then(() => this._emit('copy', { type: 'html' })).catch(() => { });
         }
         return this;
     }
@@ -4664,11 +4814,10 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         ta.value = inserted;
         ta.focus();
         ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = Math.min(start + text.length, inserted.length);
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._updateWordCount();
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
         return this;
     }
     wrap(before, after) { this._wrapSelection(before, after || before); return this; }
@@ -4854,6 +5003,9 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         if (this._floatingToolbar && this._floatingToolbar.parentNode)
             this._floatingToolbar.parentNode.removeChild(this._floatingToolbar);
         this._floatingToolbar = null;
+        if (this._floatMirror && this._floatMirror.parentNode)
+            this._floatMirror.parentNode.removeChild(this._floatMirror);
+        this._floatMirror = null;
         if (this.el)
             this.el.querySelectorAll('.me-toast').forEach((t) => t.remove());
         this._plugins.forEach((p) => { if (typeof p.destroy === 'function') {
@@ -5143,9 +5295,9 @@ const getSupportedLanguages = () => Object.keys(LANGUAGES);
 /**
  * MetonaEditor — Type-safe, lightweight Markdown Editor
  * @module metona-editor
- * @version 0.4.2
+ * @version 0.4.3
  */
-const VERSION = '0.4.2';
+const VERSION = '0.4.3';
 const globalPlugins = [];
 // 全局插件在 afterCreate 安装：此时 DOM 已构建完成，依赖 textarea/el 的插件
 // （searchReplace / shortcutHelp / imagePaste）才能正常生效。

dist/metona-editor.d.ts

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ interface EditorLike {
     _pushHistory?: () => void;
     _render?: () => void;
     _updateWordCount?: () => void;
+    /** 程序化编辑统一刷新管线（渲染+行号+字数+大纲+事件+钩子） */
+    _afterProgrammaticEdit?: (oldValue: string) => void;
     insert?: (text: string, opts?: {
         replace?: boolean;
     }) => unknown;
@@ -359,6 +361,7 @@ declare class MarkdownEditor {
     _i18nCtx: InstanceI18n;
     _floatingToolbar: HTMLElement | null;
     _floatingEnabled: boolean;
+    _floatMirror: HTMLElement | null;
     _wrapSelection: (before: string, after: string) => void;
     _toggleLinePrefix: (prefix: string) => void;
     _insertBlock: (text: string) => void;
@@ -371,6 +374,10 @@ declare class MarkdownEditor {
     isFloatingToolbar: () => boolean;
     _buildFloatingToolbar: () => void;
     _hideFloatingToolbar: () => void;
+    _measureSelectionAnchor: () => {
+        x: number;
+        y: number;
+    } | null;
     registerContextMenu: (items: any[]) => this;
     _bindContextMenu: () => void;
     _showContextMenu: (e: MouseEvent) => void;
@@ -399,6 +406,12 @@ declare class MarkdownEditor {
     _handleBracketAutoClose(e: KeyboardEvent): void;
     _bindDragDrop(): void;
     _scheduleHistory(): void;
+    /**
+     * 程序化编辑路径（命令 / 快捷键 / 插件 / API 直改 textarea）的统一刷新管线。
+     * 此前 8 条路径的 预览/行号/字数/大纲 刷新与事件发射参差不齐，
+     * 现统一为：渲染 + 行号 + 字数 + 大纲 + input/change 事件 + 回调 + before/afterChange 钩子。
+     */
+    _afterProgrammaticEdit(oldValue: string): void;
     _pushHistory(): void;
     undo(): this;
     redo(): this;
@@ -585,7 +598,7 @@ declare const animationUtils: {
     destroy(): void;
 };
 
-declare const VERSION = "0.4.2";
+declare const VERSION = "0.4.3";
 declare function create(container: string | HTMLElement, options?: EditorOptions): MarkdownEditor;
 declare function use(plugin: string | any, options?: any): typeof api;
 declare function on(name: string, fn: (editor: MarkdownEditor) => void): () => void;

dist/metona-editor.js

@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@
             outline: '大纲',
             cut: '剪切', copy: '复制', paste: '粘贴', selectAll: '全选',
             regex: '正则表达式', shortcuts: '快捷键', imageTooLarge: '图片过大（{size}KB > {max}KB）',
+            formatToolbar: '格式化选区', pasteBlocked: '无法直接粘贴，请使用 Ctrl+V',
         },
         'en-US': {
             bold: 'Bold', italic: 'Italic', underline: 'Underline', strikethrough: 'Strikethrough',
@@ -138,6 +139,7 @@
             outline: 'Outline',
             cut: 'Cut', copy: 'Copy', paste: 'Paste', selectAll: 'Select All',
             regex: 'Regex', shortcuts: 'Shortcuts', imageTooLarge: 'Image too large ({size}KB > {max}KB)',
+            formatToolbar: 'Format selection', pasteBlocked: 'Cannot paste directly, use Ctrl+V',
         },
         ja: {
             bold: '太字', italic: '斜体', underline: '下線', strikethrough: '打ち消し線',
@@ -165,6 +167,7 @@
             outline: 'アウトライン',
             cut: '切り取り', copy: 'コピー', paste: '貼り付け', selectAll: 'すべて選択',
             regex: '正規表現', shortcuts: 'ショートカット', imageTooLarge: '画像が大きすぎます（{size}KB > {max}KB）',
+            formatToolbar: '選択範囲を整形', pasteBlocked: '直接貼り付けできません。Ctrl+V を使用してください',
         },
         ko: {
             bold: '굵게', italic: '기울임', underline: '밑줄', strikethrough: '취소선',
@@ -192,6 +195,7 @@
             outline: '개요',
             cut: '잘라내기', copy: '복사', paste: '붙여넣기', selectAll: '전체 선택',
             regex: '정규식', shortcuts: '단축키', imageTooLarge: '이미지가 너무 큽니다 ({size}KB > {max}KB)',
+            formatToolbar: '선택 영역 서식', pasteBlocked: '직접 붙여넣을 수 없습니다. Ctrl+V를 사용하세요',
         },
         fr: {
             bold: 'Gras', italic: 'Italique', underline: 'Souligné', strikethrough: 'Barré',
@@ -219,6 +223,7 @@
             outline: 'Plan',
             cut: 'Couper', copy: 'Copier', paste: 'Coller', selectAll: 'Tout sélectionner',
             regex: 'Regex', shortcuts: 'Raccourcis', imageTooLarge: 'Image trop grande ({size}Ko > {max}Ko)',
+            formatToolbar: 'Formater la sélection', pasteBlocked: 'Impossible de coller directement, utilisez Ctrl+V',
         },
         de: {
             bold: 'Fett', italic: 'Kursiv', underline: 'Unterstrichen', strikethrough: 'Durchgestrichen',
@@ -246,6 +251,7 @@
             outline: 'Gliederung',
             cut: 'Ausschneiden', copy: 'Kopieren', paste: 'Einfügen', selectAll: 'Alles auswählen',
             regex: 'Regex', shortcuts: 'Tastenkürzel', imageTooLarge: 'Bild zu groß ({size}KB > {max}KB)',
+            formatToolbar: 'Auswahl formatieren', pasteBlocked: 'Direktes Einfügen nicht möglich, verwenden Sie Strg+V',
         },
     };
 
@@ -2156,15 +2162,21 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
                         ta.value = ta.value.substring(0, s) + r + ta.value.substring(e);
                         ta.setSelectionRange(s, s + r.length);
                     }
+                    const oldV = editor._value || '';
                     editor._value = ta.value;
-                    if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
+                    if (typeof editor._afterProgrammaticEdit === 'function') {
-                        editor._pushHistory();
+                        editor._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                    if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
+                    }
-                        editor._render();
+                    else {
-                    if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                        if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
-                        editor._updateWordCount();
+                            editor._pushHistory();
-                    if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                        if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
-                        editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                            editor._render();
+                        if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                            editor._updateWordCount();
+                        if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                            editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                    }
                     findNext();
                 };
                 const replaceAll = () => {
@@ -2175,17 +2187,23 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
                     const re = buildPattern(q);
                     if (!re)
                         return;
+                    const oldV = editor._value || '';
                     ta.value = ta.value.replace(re, () => r);
                     ta.setSelectionRange(0, 0);
                     editor._value = ta.value;
-                    if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
+                    if (typeof editor._afterProgrammaticEdit === 'function') {
-                        editor._pushHistory();
+                        editor._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                    if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
+                    }
-                        editor._render();
+                    else {
-                    if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                        if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
-                        editor._updateWordCount();
+                            editor._pushHistory();
-                    if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                        if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
-                        editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                            editor._render();
+                        if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                            editor._updateWordCount();
+                        if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                            editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                    }
                     findAll();
                 };
                 fi.addEventListener('input', () => { lastIdxs = findAll(); });
@@ -2851,11 +2869,10 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
         else {
             ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + before.length;
         }
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._updateWordCount();
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
     }
     // ============ Line prefix toggling ============
     function toggleLinePrefix(prefix) {
@@ -2876,11 +2893,10 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
         ta.value = ta.value.slice(0, lineStart) + newLine + ta.value.slice(lineEnd);
         ta.focus();
         ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = lineStart + newLine.length;
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._updateWordCount();
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
     }
     // ============ Block insertion ============
     function insertBlock(text) {
@@ -2893,11 +2909,10 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
         ta.focus();
         const pos = start + insert.length;
         ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = pos;
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._updateWordCount();
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
     }
     function insertLink() {
         const ta = this.textarea;
@@ -2910,10 +2925,10 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
         ta.focus();
         ta.selectionStart = start + sel.length + 3;
         ta.selectionEnd = ta.selectionStart + url.length;
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
     }
     function insertImage() {
         const ta = this.textarea;
@@ -2926,10 +2941,10 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
         ta.focus();
         ta.selectionStart = start + sel.length + 4;
         ta.selectionEnd = ta.selectionStart + url.length;
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
     }
     function insertTable(rows = 3, cols = 3) {
         const header = Array.from({ length: cols }, (_, i) => `${this.t('tableCols') || '列'}${i + 1}`).join(' | ');
@@ -2971,10 +2986,10 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             return '| ' + padded.join(' | ') + ' |';
         });
         ta.value = ta.value.substring(0, tableStart) + formatted.join('\n') + ta.value.substring(tableEnd);
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
     }
     // ============ Prototype installation ============
     const installCommands = (proto) => {
@@ -2990,8 +3005,17 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
     /**
      * MetonaEditor Floating Toolbar — selection format toolbar
      * @module floating-toolbar
-     * @version 0.4.0
+     * @version 0.4.3
+     *
+     * 定位策略（v0.4.3 重做）：mirror 镜像测量。
+     * 创建与 textarea 排版样式一致的隐藏镜像层，在选区锚点（文档序中点）处
+     * 插入零宽字符 marker，读取其 offsetLeft/offsetTop 得到像素级精确坐标，
+     * 彻底替代旧版按字符宽度估算的方案（CJK、软换行、tab 宽度、字体
+     * fallback 的误差全部消除）。锚点滚出可视区自动隐藏；textarea 滚动时
+     * rAF 节流重定位；divider 拖拽结束 / 窗口 resize 后隐藏待重新触发。
      */
+    /** 浮动工具栏与选区锚点之间的间距（px） */
+    const ANCHOR_GAP = 6;
     function initFloatingToolbar() {
         if (typeof document === 'undefined')
             return;
@@ -2999,11 +3023,9 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
         if (!document.getElementById('me-float-style')) {
             const style = document.createElement('style');
             style.id = 'me-float-style';
-            style.textContent = `.me-float-toolbar{position:absolute;z-index:25;display:flex;gap:4px;padding:4px 6px;background:var(--md-toolbar-bg,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--md-border,rgba(0,0,0,0.1));border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 8px 24px -8px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);opacity:0;transform:translateY(4px);transition:opacity .15s,transform .15s;pointer-events:none}.me-float-toolbar.me-visible{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0);pointer-events:auto}.me-float-toolbar .me-btn{width:28px;height:28px}`;
+            style.textContent = `.me-float-toolbar{position:absolute;z-index:25;display:flex;gap:4px;padding:4px 6px;background:var(--md-toolbar-bg,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--md-border,rgba(0,0,0,0.1));border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 8px 24px -8px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transform:translateY(4px);transition:opacity .15s,transform .15s,visibility .15s;pointer-events:none}.me-float-toolbar.me-visible{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:translateY(0);pointer-events:auto}.me-float-toolbar .me-btn{width:28px;height:28px}.me-float-mirror{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none;z-index:-1;border:0;margin:0}`;
             document.head.appendChild(style);
         }
-        if (!this._floatingEnabled)
-            return;
         const ta = this.textarea;
         const show = () => {
             if (this._destroyed || this.config.readOnly || !this._floatingEnabled)
@@ -3016,58 +3038,130 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             }
             if (!this._floatingToolbar || !this._floatingToolbar.parentNode)
                 this._buildFloatingToolbar();
-            const taRect = ta.getBoundingClientRect();
+            const anchor = this._measureSelectionAnchor();
-            const paneRect = this.editorPane.getBoundingClientRect();
+            if (!anchor) {
+                this._hideFloatingToolbar();
+                return;
+            }
+            // 选区锚点行已滚出 textarea 可视区时隐藏（跟随滚动的重定位会再次显示）
+            if (anchor.y < -parseFloat(getComputedStyle(ta).lineHeight || '22') || anchor.y > ta.clientHeight) {
+                this._hideFloatingToolbar();
+                return;
+            }
+            const bar = this._floatingToolbar;
+            // 实测尺寸定位（替代旧版 -80 / 36 / 200 等魔法数字）
+            const barRect = bar.getBoundingClientRect();
+            const barW = barRect.width || 170;
+            const barH = barRect.height || 38;
             const taStyle = getComputedStyle(ta);
             const lineHeight = parseFloat(taStyle.lineHeight) || 22;
-            const paddingTop = parseFloat(taStyle.paddingTop) || 16;
+            const paneW = this.editorPane.getBoundingClientRect().width;
-            const paddingLeft = parseFloat(taStyle.paddingLeft) || 18;
+            let top = anchor.y - barH - ANCHOR_GAP;
-            const fontSize = parseFloat(taStyle.fontSize) || 13.5;
+            if (top < ANCHOR_GAP)
-            const textBefore = ta.value.substring(0, start);
+                top = anchor.y + lineHeight + ANCHOR_GAP;
-            const lines = textBefore.split('\n');
+            let left = anchor.x - barW / 2;
-            const currentLine = lines.length - 1;
+            left = Math.max(4, Math.min(left, paneW - barW - 4));
-            const currentCol = textBefore.length - textBefore.lastIndexOf('\n') - 1;
+            if (left < 4)
-            const midCol = currentCol + Math.floor((end - start) / 2 * ((ta.selectionDirection === 'backward') ? -1 : 1));
+                left = 4; // 极窄面板兜底
-            const lineViewportTop = taRect.top + paddingTop + currentLine * lineHeight - ta.scrollTop;
+            bar.style.top = top + 'px';
-            const lineLocalTop = lineViewportTop - paneRect.top;
+            bar.style.left = left + 'px';
-            const toolbarHeight = 36;
+            bar.classList.add('me-visible');
-            const gap = 4;
-            let top = lineLocalTop - toolbarHeight - gap;
-            if (top < gap)
-                top = lineLocalTop + lineHeight + gap;
-            // 逐字符估算列偏移：CJK 全角字符宽约 1em，其余按 0.6em，
-            // 纯 ASCII 选区回退到原 0.6em 估算，中文选区不再整体偏左。
-            const CJK_RE = /[\u1100-\u115F\u2E80-\u303E\u3041-\u33FF\u3400-\u4DBF\u4E00-\u9FFF\uAC00-\uD7A3\uF900-\uFAFF\uFE30-\uFE4F\uFF00-\uFF60\uFFE0-\uFFE6]/;
-            const lineText = lines[lines.length - 1] || '';
-            const measureX = (col) => {
-                let w = 0;
-                const n = Math.max(0, Math.min(col, lineText.length));
-                for (let i = 0; i < n; i++)
-                    w += CJK_RE.test(lineText[i]) ? fontSize : fontSize * 0.6;
-                return w;
-            };
-            const colX = taRect.left + paddingLeft + measureX(midCol) - ta.scrollLeft;
-            let left = colX - paneRect.left - 80;
-            left = Math.max(4, Math.min(left, paneRect.width - 200));
-            this._floatingToolbar.style.top = top + 'px';
-            this._floatingToolbar.style.left = left + 'px';
-            this._floatingToolbar.classList.add('me-visible');
         };
         const hide = () => { this._hideFloatingToolbar(); };
-        ta.addEventListener('mouseup', () => setTimeout(show, 0));
+        // 滚动跟随：rAF 节流重定位（保持纯事件驱动，不做轮询）
-        ta.addEventListener('keyup', () => {
+        let rafPending = false;
+        const reposition = () => {
+            if (rafPending)
+                return;
+            rafPending = true;
+            requestAnimationFrame(() => { rafPending = false; show(); });
+        };
+        const onMouseUp = () => setTimeout(show, 0);
+        const onKeyup = () => {
             // selectionChange / cursorMove 事件由 core._emitCursorEvents 统一发射
             if (ta.selectionStart !== ta.selectionEnd)
                 setTimeout(show, 0);
             else
                 setTimeout(hide, 0);
-        });
+        };
-        ta.addEventListener('blur', () => setTimeout(hide, 300));
+        const onBlur = () => setTimeout(() => {
-        ta.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            // 焦点快速抖动场景（如自动化 fill 后还原焦点再 focus 回来、
+            // 宿主脚本焦点切换）：延迟到期时焦点已回到 textarea 则不隐藏
+            if (document.activeElement === ta)
+                return;
+            hide();
+        }, 300);
+        const onClick = () => {
             if (ta.selectionStart === ta.selectionEnd)
                 hide();
+        };
+        const onScroll = reposition;
+        // 布局变化后旧坐标失效，直接隐藏（下次选区交互重新显示）
+        const onResize = () => hide();
+        ta.addEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp);
+        ta.addEventListener('keyup', onKeyup);
+        ta.addEventListener('blur', onBlur);
+        ta.addEventListener('click', onClick);
+        ta.addEventListener('scroll', onScroll);
+        window.addEventListener('resize', onResize);
+        // 事件绑定与启用状态解耦：floatingToolbar:false 构造的实例，
+        // toggleFloatingToolbar() 打开后仍可正常显示（修复“死开关”）。
+        this._cleanups.push(() => {
+            ta.removeEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp);
+            ta.removeEventListener('keyup', onKeyup);
+            ta.removeEventListener('blur', onBlur);
+            ta.removeEventListener('click', onClick);
+            ta.removeEventListener('scroll', onScroll);
+            window.removeEventListener('resize', onResize);
         });
     }
+    /**
+     * 镜像测量选区锚点坐标（相对 editorPane 的局部坐标）。
+     * 锚点 = 选区文档序中点：单行选区即视觉中部，跨行选区约在选区垂直中心。
+     */
+    function measureSelectionAnchor() {
+        const ta = this.textarea;
+        if (!ta || !this.editorPane)
+            return null;
+        const start = ta.selectionStart;
+        const end = ta.selectionEnd;
+        if (start === end)
+            return null;
+        const anchor = Math.floor((start + end) / 2);
+        // 懒创建镜像层并复制 textarea 排版样式（font/行高/padding/换行/tab）
+        let mirror = this._floatMirror;
+        if (!mirror || !mirror.parentNode) {
+            mirror = document.createElement('div');
+            mirror.className = 'me-float-mirror';
+            this.editorPane.appendChild(mirror);
+            this._floatMirror = mirror;
+        }
+        const cs = getComputedStyle(ta);
+        const props = [
+            ['fontFamily', cs.fontFamily], ['fontSize', cs.fontSize], ['fontWeight', cs.fontWeight],
+            ['fontStyle', cs.fontStyle], ['letterSpacing', cs.letterSpacing], ['lineHeight', cs.lineHeight],
+            ['paddingTop', cs.paddingTop], ['paddingRight', cs.paddingRight],
+            ['paddingBottom', cs.paddingBottom], ['paddingLeft', cs.paddingLeft],
+            ['whiteSpace', cs.whiteSpace], ['overflowWrap', cs.overflowWrap],
+            ['wordBreak', cs.wordBreak], ['tabSize', cs.tabSize], ['boxSizing', 'border-box'],
+        ];
+        props.forEach(([k, v]) => { mirror.style[k] = v; });
+        // 宽度对齐 textarea 文本排版区（clientWidth 含 padding 不含滚动条）
+        mirror.style.width = ta.clientWidth + 'px';
+        // 仅需锚点前缀文本：其后内容不影响锚点位置（折行由前缀决定）
+        mirror.textContent = '';
+        mirror.appendChild(document.createTextNode(ta.value.slice(0, anchor)));
+        const marker = document.createElement('span');
+        marker.textContent = '\u200b';
+        mirror.appendChild(marker);
+        // marker 坐标相对 mirror（position:absolute 的 offsetParent，border 0），
+        // 即字符相对 textarea border box 的位置；再扣除滚动、平移到 pane 局部坐标
+        const x = marker.offsetLeft - ta.scrollLeft;
+        const y = marker.offsetTop - ta.scrollTop;
+        const taRect = ta.getBoundingClientRect();
+        const paneRect = this.editorPane.getBoundingClientRect();
+        return { x: x + taRect.left - paneRect.left, y: y + taRect.top - paneRect.top };
+    }
     function toggleFloatingToolbar() {
         this._floatingEnabled = !this._floatingEnabled;
         if (!this._floatingEnabled) {
@@ -3083,15 +3177,23 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
     function buildFloatingToolbar() {
         const bar = document.createElement('div');
         bar.className = 'me-float-toolbar';
+        bar.setAttribute('role', 'toolbar');
+        bar.setAttribute('aria-label', this.t('formatToolbar') || '格式化选区');
         const actions = ['bold', 'italic', 'code', 'link', 'strikethrough'];
         actions.forEach((action) => {
             const btn = this._createBtn(action);
+            // mousedown 阻止夺焦（textarea 选区与焦点保持）；命令执行统一走 click，
+            // 键盘 Enter/Space 触发的 click 同样生效（可访问性）
             btn.addEventListener('mousedown', (e) => {
                 e.preventDefault();
                 e.stopPropagation();
+            });
+            btn.addEventListener('click', () => {
                 this.exec(action);
-                // Keep selection after exec
+                this._hideFloatingToolbar();
-                setTimeout(() => this.textarea.focus(), 0);
+                // Keep selection after exec（延迟回调时实例可能已销毁）
+                setTimeout(() => { if (!this._destroyed && this.textarea)
+                    this.textarea.focus(); }, 0);
             });
             bar.appendChild(btn);
         });
@@ -3110,6 +3212,7 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
         proto.isFloatingToolbar = isFloatingToolbar;
         proto._buildFloatingToolbar = buildFloatingToolbar;
         proto._hideFloatingToolbar = hideFloatingToolbar;
+        proto._measureSelectionAnchor = measureSelectionAnchor;
     };
 
     /**
@@ -3174,7 +3277,8 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             el.className = 'me-context-menu-item';
             if (item.disabled)
                 el.classList.add('me-disabled');
-            el.innerHTML = `<span>${item.label}</span>${item.shortcut ? `<span class="me-context-menu-shortcut">${item.shortcut}</span>` : ''}`;
+            // 自定义菜单项的 label / shortcut 经转义后拼接（防 HTML 注入）
+            el.innerHTML = `<span>${escapeHTML(item.label)}</span>${item.shortcut ? `<span class="me-context-menu-shortcut">${escapeHTML(item.shortcut)}</span>` : ''}`;
             el.addEventListener('click', (ev) => {
                 ev.stopPropagation();
                 if (item.disabled)
@@ -3220,9 +3324,13 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             case 'copy':
                 document.execCommand('copy');
                 break;
-            case 'paste':
+            case 'paste': {
-                document.execCommand('paste');
+                // 现代浏览器出于安全限制，execCommand('paste') 通常静默失败 —— 提示改用 Ctrl+V
+                const ok = document.execCommand('paste');
+                if (!ok)
+                    this.toast(this.t('pasteBlocked') || '无法直接粘贴，请使用 Ctrl+V', { type: 'info' });
                 break;
+            }
             case 'selectAll':
                 ta.focus();
                 ta.select();
@@ -3477,6 +3585,7 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             this._zenMouseHandler = null;
             this._floatingToolbar = null;
             this._floatingEnabled = this.config.floatingToolbar !== false;
+            this._floatMirror = null;
             this._renderFn = (typeof this.config.render === 'function') ? this.config.render : parseMarkdown;
             this._highlightFn = (typeof this.config.highlight === 'function') ? this.config.highlight : null;
             MarkdownEditor.trigger('beforeCreate', this);
@@ -3498,8 +3607,9 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             this._bindEvents();
             this._bindContextMenu();
             this._trackOutlineScroll();
-            if (this.config.floatingToolbar !== false)
+            // 无条件绑定事件（show 内部检查 _floatingEnabled）：
-                this._initFloatingToolbar();
+            // floatingToolbar:false 构造的实例 toggleFloatingToolbar() 打开后仍可显示
+            this._initFloatingToolbar();
             this.textarea.value = this._value;
             if (!this._wordWrap)
                 this.textarea.style.whiteSpace = 'pre';
@@ -3779,6 +3889,12 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             this.toolbarEl.addEventListener('click', onToolbarClick);
             const onDividerDown = (e) => this._bindDividerDrag(e);
             this.dividerEl.addEventListener('pointerdown', onDividerDown);
+            // 全屏模式按 Esc 退出（与 shortcutHelp 面板的 Esc 关闭互不冲突：条件互斥）
+            const onDocKeydown = (e) => {
+                if (e.key === 'Escape' && this._fullscreen)
+                    this.exitFullscreen();
+            };
+            document.addEventListener('keydown', onDocKeydown);
             this._bindDragDrop();
             this._cleanups.push(() => {
                 ta.removeEventListener('input', onInput);
@@ -3792,6 +3908,7 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
                 ta.removeEventListener('blur', onBlur);
                 this.toolbarEl.removeEventListener('click', onToolbarClick);
                 this.dividerEl.removeEventListener('pointerdown', onDividerDown);
+                document.removeEventListener('keydown', onDocKeydown);
             });
         }
         _handleKeydown(e) {
@@ -3876,10 +3993,10 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
                 ta.selectionStart = lineStart;
                 ta.selectionEnd = lineStart + newBlock.length;
             }
+            const old = this._value;
             this._value = ta.value;
             this._pushHistory();
-            this._render();
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(old);
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
         }
         _bindDividerDrag(e) {
             if (this._mode !== 'split')
@@ -3905,6 +4022,8 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
                 window.removeEventListener('pointermove', onMove);
                 window.removeEventListener('pointerup', onUp);
                 this._saveDividerPosition();
+                // pane 宽度变化导致折行重排，旧定位坐标失效，隐藏待重新触发
+                this._hideFloatingToolbar();
             };
             window.addEventListener('pointermove', onMove);
             window.addEventListener('pointerup', onUp);
@@ -4020,12 +4139,12 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
                 const content = listMatch[3];
                 if (!content.trim()) {
                     e.preventDefault();
+                    const oldV = this._value;
                     ta.value = val.slice(0, lineStart) + '\n' + val.slice(start);
                     ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = lineStart;
                     this._value = ta.value;
                     this._pushHistory();
-                    this._renderGutter();
+                    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                    this._emit('change', this._value);
                     return;
                 }
                 let nextMarker = marker;
@@ -4038,10 +4157,10 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
                 const insert = '\n' + indent + nextMarker + ' ';
                 ta.value = val.slice(0, start) + insert + val.slice(ta.selectionEnd);
                 ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + insert.length;
+                const oldV = this._value;
                 this._value = ta.value;
                 this._pushHistory();
-                this._renderGutter();
+                this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                this._emit('change', this._value);
                 return;
             }
             const quoteMatch = line.match(/^(\s*>+\s?)(.*)/);
@@ -4050,22 +4169,22 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
                 const content = quoteMatch[2];
                 if (!content.trim()) {
                     e.preventDefault();
+                    const oldV = this._value;
                     ta.value = val.slice(0, lineStart) + '\n' + val.slice(start);
                     ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = lineStart;
                     this._value = ta.value;
                     this._pushHistory();
-                    this._renderGutter();
+                    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                    this._emit('change', this._value);
                     return;
                 }
                 e.preventDefault();
                 const insert = '\n' + prefix;
                 ta.value = val.slice(0, start) + insert + val.slice(ta.selectionEnd);
                 ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + insert.length;
+                const oldV = this._value;
                 this._value = ta.value;
                 this._pushHistory();
-                this._renderGutter();
+                this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                this._emit('change', this._value);
             }
         }
         _handleBracketAutoClose(e) {
@@ -4080,6 +4199,7 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             const end = ta.selectionEnd;
             if (start !== end) {
                 e.preventDefault();
+                const oldV = this._value;
                 const selected = ta.value.slice(start, end);
                 const wrap = key + selected + close;
                 ta.value = ta.value.slice(0, start) + wrap + ta.value.slice(end);
@@ -4087,7 +4207,7 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
                 ta.selectionEnd = start + 1 + selected.length;
                 this._value = ta.value;
                 this._pushHistory();
-                this._emit('change', this._value);
+                this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
                 return;
             }
             const nextChar = ta.value[start] || '';
@@ -4101,12 +4221,13 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
                     return;
             }
             e.preventDefault();
+            const oldV = this._value;
             const pair = key + close;
             ta.value = ta.value.slice(0, start) + pair + ta.value.slice(end);
             ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + 1;
             this._value = ta.value;
             this._pushHistory();
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
         }
         _bindDragDrop() {
             const ta = this.textarea;
@@ -4148,6 +4269,39 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
         }
         _scheduleHistory() { if (this._historyTimer)
             clearTimeout(this._historyTimer); this._historyTimer = setTimeout(() => this._pushHistory(), this.config.historyDebounce || 400); }
+        /**
+         * 程序化编辑路径（命令 / 快捷键 / 插件 / API 直改 textarea）的统一刷新管线。
+         * 此前 8 条路径的 预览/行号/字数/大纲 刷新与事件发射参差不齐，
+         * 现统一为：渲染 + 行号 + 字数 + 大纲 + input/change 事件 + 回调 + before/afterChange 钩子。
+         */
+        _afterProgrammaticEdit(oldValue) {
+            MarkdownEditor.trigger('beforeChange', this);
+            this._emit('beforeChange', oldValue, this._value);
+            this._render();
+            this._renderGutter();
+            this._updateWordCount();
+            this._updateOutline();
+            this._emit('input', this._value);
+            this._emit('change', this._value);
+            if (typeof this.config.onInput === 'function') {
+                try {
+                    this.config.onInput(this._value, this);
+                }
+                catch (e) {
+                    console.error(e);
+                }
+            }
+            if (typeof this.config.onChange === 'function') {
+                try {
+                    this.config.onChange(this._value, this);
+                }
+                catch (e) {
+                    console.error(e);
+                }
+            }
+            this._emit('afterChange', this._value);
+            MarkdownEditor.trigger('afterChange', this);
+        }
         _pushHistory() {
             // Enforce maxLength as a last-resort guard for programmatic edit paths
             // (tab/indent, smart-enter, bracket auto-close, exec commands) that write
@@ -4178,11 +4332,10 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             const pv = this.previewPane;
             const pvMax = pv ? pv.scrollHeight - pv.clientHeight : 0;
             const pvRatio = pvMax > 0 ? pv.scrollTop / pvMax : null;
+            const oldV = this._value;
             this._value = this._history[this._historyIndex];
             this.textarea.value = this._value;
-            this._render();
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-            this._renderGutter();
-            this._updateWordCount();
             if (this.gutter)
                 this.gutter.scrollTop = this.textarea.scrollTop;
             if (pv && pvRatio != null) {
@@ -4190,15 +4343,6 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
                 if (max > 0)
                     pv.scrollTop = pvRatio * max;
             }
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
-            if (typeof this.config.onChange === 'function') {
-                try {
-                    this.config.onChange(this._value, this);
-                }
-                catch (e) {
-                    console.error(e);
-                }
-            }
         }
         _captureCursor() {
             if (!this.textarea)
@@ -4564,12 +4708,11 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             if (!matches)
                 return 0;
             // 函数式替换：替换文本按字面处理，$ 无特殊语义
+            const oldV = this._value;
             this._value = this._limitLength(this._value.replace(re, () => replace));
             this.textarea.value = this._value;
             this._pushHistory();
-            this._render();
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-            this._updateWordCount();
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
             return matches.length;
         }
         replaceAllRegex(pattern, replace) {
@@ -4579,12 +4722,11 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             const matches = this._value.match(re);
             if (!matches)
                 return 0;
+            const oldV = this._value;
             this._value = this._limitLength(this._value.replace(re, replace));
             this.textarea.value = this._value;
             this._pushHistory();
-            this._render();
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-            this._updateWordCount();
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
             return matches.length;
         }
         lineCount() {
@@ -4652,9 +4794,17 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
         copyAsHTML() {
             const html = this.getHTML();
             if (typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && navigator.clipboard) {
-                const blob = new Blob([html], { type: 'text/html' });
+                // ClipboardItem 在 Firefox 等环境缺失，构造即抛 TypeError —— 降级为纯文本复制
-                const item = new ClipboardItem({ 'text/html': blob, 'text/plain': new Blob([this._value], { type: 'text/plain' }) });
+                if (typeof ClipboardItem !== 'undefined') {
-                navigator.clipboard.write([item]).then(() => this._emit('copy', { type: 'html' })).catch(() => { });
+                    try {
+                        const blob = new Blob([html], { type: 'text/html' });
+                        const item = new ClipboardItem({ 'text/html': blob, 'text/plain': new Blob([this._value], { type: 'text/plain' }) });
+                        navigator.clipboard.write([item]).then(() => this._emit('copy', { type: 'html' })).catch(() => { });
+                        return this;
+                    }
+                    catch (_) { /* fallthrough 降级 */ }
+                }
+                navigator.clipboard.writeText(this._value).then(() => this._emit('copy', { type: 'html' })).catch(() => { });
             }
             return this;
         }
@@ -4666,11 +4816,10 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             ta.value = inserted;
             ta.focus();
             ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = Math.min(start + text.length, inserted.length);
+            const oldV = this._value;
             this._value = ta.value;
             this._pushHistory();
-            this._render();
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-            this._updateWordCount();
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
             return this;
         }
         wrap(before, after) { this._wrapSelection(before, after || before); return this; }
@@ -4856,6 +5005,9 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
             if (this._floatingToolbar && this._floatingToolbar.parentNode)
                 this._floatingToolbar.parentNode.removeChild(this._floatingToolbar);
             this._floatingToolbar = null;
+            if (this._floatMirror && this._floatMirror.parentNode)
+                this._floatMirror.parentNode.removeChild(this._floatMirror);
+            this._floatMirror = null;
             if (this.el)
                 this.el.querySelectorAll('.me-toast').forEach((t) => t.remove());
             this._plugins.forEach((p) => { if (typeof p.destroy === 'function') {
@@ -5145,9 +5297,9 @@ dl{margin:.8em 0}dt{font-weight:650;margin:.6em 0 .2em}dd{margin:0 0 .3em 1.6em;
     /**
      * MetonaEditor — Type-safe, lightweight Markdown Editor
      * @module metona-editor
-     * @version 0.4.2
+     * @version 0.4.3
      */
-    const VERSION = '0.4.2';
+    const VERSION = '0.4.3';
     const globalPlugins = [];
     // 全局插件在 afterCreate 安装：此时 DOM 已构建完成，依赖 textarea/el 的插件
     // （searchReplace / shortcutHelp / imagePaste）才能正常生效。

dist/metona-editor.mjs

@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: '大纲',
         cut: '剪切', copy: '复制', paste: '粘贴', selectAll: '全选',
         regex: '正则表达式', shortcuts: '快捷键', imageTooLarge: '图片过大（{size}KB > {max}KB）',
+        formatToolbar: '格式化选区', pasteBlocked: '无法直接粘贴，请使用 Ctrl+V',
     },
     'en-US': {
         bold: 'Bold', italic: 'Italic', underline: 'Underline', strikethrough: 'Strikethrough',
@@ -132,6 +133,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: 'Outline',
         cut: 'Cut', copy: 'Copy', paste: 'Paste', selectAll: 'Select All',
         regex: 'Regex', shortcuts: 'Shortcuts', imageTooLarge: 'Image too large ({size}KB > {max}KB)',
+        formatToolbar: 'Format selection', pasteBlocked: 'Cannot paste directly, use Ctrl+V',
     },
     ja: {
         bold: '太字', italic: '斜体', underline: '下線', strikethrough: '打ち消し線',
@@ -159,6 +161,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: 'アウトライン',
         cut: '切り取り', copy: 'コピー', paste: '貼り付け', selectAll: 'すべて選択',
         regex: '正規表現', shortcuts: 'ショートカット', imageTooLarge: '画像が大きすぎます（{size}KB > {max}KB）',
+        formatToolbar: '選択範囲を整形', pasteBlocked: '直接貼り付けできません。Ctrl+V を使用してください',
     },
     ko: {
         bold: '굵게', italic: '기울임', underline: '밑줄', strikethrough: '취소선',
@@ -186,6 +189,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: '개요',
         cut: '잘라내기', copy: '복사', paste: '붙여넣기', selectAll: '전체 선택',
         regex: '정규식', shortcuts: '단축키', imageTooLarge: '이미지가 너무 큽니다 ({size}KB > {max}KB)',
+        formatToolbar: '선택 영역 서식', pasteBlocked: '직접 붙여넣을 수 없습니다. Ctrl+V를 사용하세요',
     },
     fr: {
         bold: 'Gras', italic: 'Italique', underline: 'Souligné', strikethrough: 'Barré',
@@ -213,6 +217,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: 'Plan',
         cut: 'Couper', copy: 'Copier', paste: 'Coller', selectAll: 'Tout sélectionner',
         regex: 'Regex', shortcuts: 'Raccourcis', imageTooLarge: 'Image trop grande ({size}Ko > {max}Ko)',
+        formatToolbar: 'Formater la sélection', pasteBlocked: 'Impossible de coller directement, utilisez Ctrl+V',
     },
     de: {
         bold: 'Fett', italic: 'Kursiv', underline: 'Unterstrichen', strikethrough: 'Durchgestrichen',
@@ -240,6 +245,7 @@ const LOCALES = {
         outline: 'Gliederung',
         cut: 'Ausschneiden', copy: 'Kopieren', paste: 'Einfügen', selectAll: 'Alles auswählen',
         regex: 'Regex', shortcuts: 'Tastenkürzel', imageTooLarge: 'Bild zu groß ({size}KB > {max}KB)',
+        formatToolbar: 'Auswahl formatieren', pasteBlocked: 'Direktes Einfügen nicht möglich, verwenden Sie Strg+V',
     },
 };
 
@@ -2150,15 +2156,21 @@ const searchReplacePlugin = {
                     ta.value = ta.value.substring(0, s) + r + ta.value.substring(e);
                     ta.setSelectionRange(s, s + r.length);
                 }
+                const oldV = editor._value || '';
                 editor._value = ta.value;
-                if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
+                if (typeof editor._afterProgrammaticEdit === 'function') {
-                    editor._pushHistory();
+                    editor._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
+                }
-                    editor._render();
+                else {
-                if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                    if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
-                    editor._updateWordCount();
+                        editor._pushHistory();
-                if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                    if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
-                    editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                        editor._render();
+                    if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                        editor._updateWordCount();
+                    if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                        editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                }
                 findNext();
             };
             const replaceAll = () => {
@@ -2169,17 +2181,23 @@ const searchReplacePlugin = {
                 const re = buildPattern(q);
                 if (!re)
                     return;
+                const oldV = editor._value || '';
                 ta.value = ta.value.replace(re, () => r);
                 ta.setSelectionRange(0, 0);
                 editor._value = ta.value;
-                if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
+                if (typeof editor._afterProgrammaticEdit === 'function') {
-                    editor._pushHistory();
+                    editor._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
+                }
-                    editor._render();
+                else {
-                if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                    if (typeof editor._pushHistory === 'function')
-                    editor._updateWordCount();
+                        editor._pushHistory();
-                if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                    if (typeof editor._render === 'function')
-                    editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                        editor._render();
+                    if (typeof editor._updateWordCount === 'function')
+                        editor._updateWordCount();
+                    if (typeof editor._emit === 'function')
+                        editor._emit('change', editor._value);
+                }
                 findAll();
             };
             fi.addEventListener('input', () => { lastIdxs = findAll(); });
@@ -2845,11 +2863,10 @@ function wrapSelection(before, after) {
     else {
         ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + before.length;
     }
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._updateWordCount();
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 // ============ Line prefix toggling ============
 function toggleLinePrefix(prefix) {
@@ -2870,11 +2887,10 @@ function toggleLinePrefix(prefix) {
     ta.value = ta.value.slice(0, lineStart) + newLine + ta.value.slice(lineEnd);
     ta.focus();
     ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = lineStart + newLine.length;
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._updateWordCount();
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 // ============ Block insertion ============
 function insertBlock(text) {
@@ -2887,11 +2903,10 @@ function insertBlock(text) {
     ta.focus();
     const pos = start + insert.length;
     ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = pos;
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._updateWordCount();
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 function insertLink() {
     const ta = this.textarea;
@@ -2904,10 +2919,10 @@ function insertLink() {
     ta.focus();
     ta.selectionStart = start + sel.length + 3;
     ta.selectionEnd = ta.selectionStart + url.length;
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 function insertImage() {
     const ta = this.textarea;
@@ -2920,10 +2935,10 @@ function insertImage() {
     ta.focus();
     ta.selectionStart = start + sel.length + 4;
     ta.selectionEnd = ta.selectionStart + url.length;
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 function insertTable(rows = 3, cols = 3) {
     const header = Array.from({ length: cols }, (_, i) => `${this.t('tableCols') || '列'}${i + 1}`).join(' | ');
@@ -2965,10 +2980,10 @@ function formatTable() {
         return '| ' + padded.join(' | ') + ' |';
     });
     ta.value = ta.value.substring(0, tableStart) + formatted.join('\n') + ta.value.substring(tableEnd);
+    const oldV = this._value;
     this._value = ta.value;
     this._pushHistory();
-    this._render();
+    this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-    this._emit('change', this._value);
 }
 // ============ Prototype installation ============
 const installCommands = (proto) => {
@@ -2984,8 +2999,17 @@ const installCommands = (proto) => {
 /**
  * MetonaEditor Floating Toolbar — selection format toolbar
  * @module floating-toolbar
- * @version 0.4.0
+ * @version 0.4.3
+ *
+ * 定位策略（v0.4.3 重做）：mirror 镜像测量。
+ * 创建与 textarea 排版样式一致的隐藏镜像层，在选区锚点（文档序中点）处
+ * 插入零宽字符 marker，读取其 offsetLeft/offsetTop 得到像素级精确坐标，
+ * 彻底替代旧版按字符宽度估算的方案（CJK、软换行、tab 宽度、字体
+ * fallback 的误差全部消除）。锚点滚出可视区自动隐藏；textarea 滚动时
+ * rAF 节流重定位；divider 拖拽结束 / 窗口 resize 后隐藏待重新触发。
  */
+/** 浮动工具栏与选区锚点之间的间距（px） */
+const ANCHOR_GAP = 6;
 function initFloatingToolbar() {
     if (typeof document === 'undefined')
         return;
@@ -2993,11 +3017,9 @@ function initFloatingToolbar() {
     if (!document.getElementById('me-float-style')) {
         const style = document.createElement('style');
         style.id = 'me-float-style';
-        style.textContent = `.me-float-toolbar{position:absolute;z-index:25;display:flex;gap:4px;padding:4px 6px;background:var(--md-toolbar-bg,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--md-border,rgba(0,0,0,0.1));border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 8px 24px -8px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);opacity:0;transform:translateY(4px);transition:opacity .15s,transform .15s;pointer-events:none}.me-float-toolbar.me-visible{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0);pointer-events:auto}.me-float-toolbar .me-btn{width:28px;height:28px}`;
+        style.textContent = `.me-float-toolbar{position:absolute;z-index:25;display:flex;gap:4px;padding:4px 6px;background:var(--md-toolbar-bg,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--md-border,rgba(0,0,0,0.1));border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 8px 24px -8px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transform:translateY(4px);transition:opacity .15s,transform .15s,visibility .15s;pointer-events:none}.me-float-toolbar.me-visible{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:translateY(0);pointer-events:auto}.me-float-toolbar .me-btn{width:28px;height:28px}.me-float-mirror{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none;z-index:-1;border:0;margin:0}`;
         document.head.appendChild(style);
     }
-    if (!this._floatingEnabled)
-        return;
     const ta = this.textarea;
     const show = () => {
         if (this._destroyed || this.config.readOnly || !this._floatingEnabled)
@@ -3010,58 +3032,130 @@ function initFloatingToolbar() {
         }
         if (!this._floatingToolbar || !this._floatingToolbar.parentNode)
             this._buildFloatingToolbar();
-        const taRect = ta.getBoundingClientRect();
+        const anchor = this._measureSelectionAnchor();
-        const paneRect = this.editorPane.getBoundingClientRect();
+        if (!anchor) {
+            this._hideFloatingToolbar();
+            return;
+        }
+        // 选区锚点行已滚出 textarea 可视区时隐藏（跟随滚动的重定位会再次显示）
+        if (anchor.y < -parseFloat(getComputedStyle(ta).lineHeight || '22') || anchor.y > ta.clientHeight) {
+            this._hideFloatingToolbar();
+            return;
+        }
+        const bar = this._floatingToolbar;
+        // 实测尺寸定位（替代旧版 -80 / 36 / 200 等魔法数字）
+        const barRect = bar.getBoundingClientRect();
+        const barW = barRect.width || 170;
+        const barH = barRect.height || 38;
         const taStyle = getComputedStyle(ta);
         const lineHeight = parseFloat(taStyle.lineHeight) || 22;
-        const paddingTop = parseFloat(taStyle.paddingTop) || 16;
+        const paneW = this.editorPane.getBoundingClientRect().width;
-        const paddingLeft = parseFloat(taStyle.paddingLeft) || 18;
+        let top = anchor.y - barH - ANCHOR_GAP;
-        const fontSize = parseFloat(taStyle.fontSize) || 13.5;
+        if (top < ANCHOR_GAP)
-        const textBefore = ta.value.substring(0, start);
+            top = anchor.y + lineHeight + ANCHOR_GAP;
-        const lines = textBefore.split('\n');
+        let left = anchor.x - barW / 2;
-        const currentLine = lines.length - 1;
+        left = Math.max(4, Math.min(left, paneW - barW - 4));
-        const currentCol = textBefore.length - textBefore.lastIndexOf('\n') - 1;
+        if (left < 4)
-        const midCol = currentCol + Math.floor((end - start) / 2 * ((ta.selectionDirection === 'backward') ? -1 : 1));
+            left = 4; // 极窄面板兜底
-        const lineViewportTop = taRect.top + paddingTop + currentLine * lineHeight - ta.scrollTop;
+        bar.style.top = top + 'px';
-        const lineLocalTop = lineViewportTop - paneRect.top;
+        bar.style.left = left + 'px';
-        const toolbarHeight = 36;
+        bar.classList.add('me-visible');
-        const gap = 4;
-        let top = lineLocalTop - toolbarHeight - gap;
-        if (top < gap)
-            top = lineLocalTop + lineHeight + gap;
-        // 逐字符估算列偏移：CJK 全角字符宽约 1em，其余按 0.6em，
-        // 纯 ASCII 选区回退到原 0.6em 估算，中文选区不再整体偏左。
-        const CJK_RE = /[\u1100-\u115F\u2E80-\u303E\u3041-\u33FF\u3400-\u4DBF\u4E00-\u9FFF\uAC00-\uD7A3\uF900-\uFAFF\uFE30-\uFE4F\uFF00-\uFF60\uFFE0-\uFFE6]/;
-        const lineText = lines[lines.length - 1] || '';
-        const measureX = (col) => {
-            let w = 0;
-            const n = Math.max(0, Math.min(col, lineText.length));
-            for (let i = 0; i < n; i++)
-                w += CJK_RE.test(lineText[i]) ? fontSize : fontSize * 0.6;
-            return w;
-        };
-        const colX = taRect.left + paddingLeft + measureX(midCol) - ta.scrollLeft;
-        let left = colX - paneRect.left - 80;
-        left = Math.max(4, Math.min(left, paneRect.width - 200));
-        this._floatingToolbar.style.top = top + 'px';
-        this._floatingToolbar.style.left = left + 'px';
-        this._floatingToolbar.classList.add('me-visible');
     };
     const hide = () => { this._hideFloatingToolbar(); };
-    ta.addEventListener('mouseup', () => setTimeout(show, 0));
+    // 滚动跟随：rAF 节流重定位（保持纯事件驱动，不做轮询）
-    ta.addEventListener('keyup', () => {
+    let rafPending = false;
+    const reposition = () => {
+        if (rafPending)
+            return;
+        rafPending = true;
+        requestAnimationFrame(() => { rafPending = false; show(); });
+    };
+    const onMouseUp = () => setTimeout(show, 0);
+    const onKeyup = () => {
         // selectionChange / cursorMove 事件由 core._emitCursorEvents 统一发射
         if (ta.selectionStart !== ta.selectionEnd)
             setTimeout(show, 0);
         else
             setTimeout(hide, 0);
-    });
+    };
-    ta.addEventListener('blur', () => setTimeout(hide, 300));
+    const onBlur = () => setTimeout(() => {
-    ta.addEventListener('click', () => {
+        // 焦点快速抖动场景（如自动化 fill 后还原焦点再 focus 回来、
+        // 宿主脚本焦点切换）：延迟到期时焦点已回到 textarea 则不隐藏
+        if (document.activeElement === ta)
+            return;
+        hide();
+    }, 300);
+    const onClick = () => {
         if (ta.selectionStart === ta.selectionEnd)
             hide();
+    };
+    const onScroll = reposition;
+    // 布局变化后旧坐标失效，直接隐藏（下次选区交互重新显示）
+    const onResize = () => hide();
+    ta.addEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp);
+    ta.addEventListener('keyup', onKeyup);
+    ta.addEventListener('blur', onBlur);
+    ta.addEventListener('click', onClick);
+    ta.addEventListener('scroll', onScroll);
+    window.addEventListener('resize', onResize);
+    // 事件绑定与启用状态解耦：floatingToolbar:false 构造的实例，
+    // toggleFloatingToolbar() 打开后仍可正常显示（修复“死开关”）。
+    this._cleanups.push(() => {
+        ta.removeEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp);
+        ta.removeEventListener('keyup', onKeyup);
+        ta.removeEventListener('blur', onBlur);
+        ta.removeEventListener('click', onClick);
+        ta.removeEventListener('scroll', onScroll);
+        window.removeEventListener('resize', onResize);
     });
 }
+/**
+ * 镜像测量选区锚点坐标（相对 editorPane 的局部坐标）。
+ * 锚点 = 选区文档序中点：单行选区即视觉中部，跨行选区约在选区垂直中心。
+ */
+function measureSelectionAnchor() {
+    const ta = this.textarea;
+    if (!ta || !this.editorPane)
+        return null;
+    const start = ta.selectionStart;
+    const end = ta.selectionEnd;
+    if (start === end)
+        return null;
+    const anchor = Math.floor((start + end) / 2);
+    // 懒创建镜像层并复制 textarea 排版样式（font/行高/padding/换行/tab）
+    let mirror = this._floatMirror;
+    if (!mirror || !mirror.parentNode) {
+        mirror = document.createElement('div');
+        mirror.className = 'me-float-mirror';
+        this.editorPane.appendChild(mirror);
+        this._floatMirror = mirror;
+    }
+    const cs = getComputedStyle(ta);
+    const props = [
+        ['fontFamily', cs.fontFamily], ['fontSize', cs.fontSize], ['fontWeight', cs.fontWeight],
+        ['fontStyle', cs.fontStyle], ['letterSpacing', cs.letterSpacing], ['lineHeight', cs.lineHeight],
+        ['paddingTop', cs.paddingTop], ['paddingRight', cs.paddingRight],
+        ['paddingBottom', cs.paddingBottom], ['paddingLeft', cs.paddingLeft],
+        ['whiteSpace', cs.whiteSpace], ['overflowWrap', cs.overflowWrap],
+        ['wordBreak', cs.wordBreak], ['tabSize', cs.tabSize], ['boxSizing', 'border-box'],
+    ];
+    props.forEach(([k, v]) => { mirror.style[k] = v; });
+    // 宽度对齐 textarea 文本排版区（clientWidth 含 padding 不含滚动条）
+    mirror.style.width = ta.clientWidth + 'px';
+    // 仅需锚点前缀文本：其后内容不影响锚点位置（折行由前缀决定）
+    mirror.textContent = '';
+    mirror.appendChild(document.createTextNode(ta.value.slice(0, anchor)));
+    const marker = document.createElement('span');
+    marker.textContent = '\u200b';
+    mirror.appendChild(marker);
+    // marker 坐标相对 mirror（position:absolute 的 offsetParent，border 0），
+    // 即字符相对 textarea border box 的位置；再扣除滚动、平移到 pane 局部坐标
+    const x = marker.offsetLeft - ta.scrollLeft;
+    const y = marker.offsetTop - ta.scrollTop;
+    const taRect = ta.getBoundingClientRect();
+    const paneRect = this.editorPane.getBoundingClientRect();
+    return { x: x + taRect.left - paneRect.left, y: y + taRect.top - paneRect.top };
+}
 function toggleFloatingToolbar() {
     this._floatingEnabled = !this._floatingEnabled;
     if (!this._floatingEnabled) {
@@ -3077,15 +3171,23 @@ function isFloatingToolbar() { return this._floatingEnabled; }
 function buildFloatingToolbar() {
     const bar = document.createElement('div');
     bar.className = 'me-float-toolbar';
+    bar.setAttribute('role', 'toolbar');
+    bar.setAttribute('aria-label', this.t('formatToolbar') || '格式化选区');
     const actions = ['bold', 'italic', 'code', 'link', 'strikethrough'];
     actions.forEach((action) => {
         const btn = this._createBtn(action);
+        // mousedown 阻止夺焦（textarea 选区与焦点保持）；命令执行统一走 click，
+        // 键盘 Enter/Space 触发的 click 同样生效（可访问性）
         btn.addEventListener('mousedown', (e) => {
             e.preventDefault();
             e.stopPropagation();
+        });
+        btn.addEventListener('click', () => {
             this.exec(action);
-            // Keep selection after exec
+            this._hideFloatingToolbar();
-            setTimeout(() => this.textarea.focus(), 0);
+            // Keep selection after exec（延迟回调时实例可能已销毁）
+            setTimeout(() => { if (!this._destroyed && this.textarea)
+                this.textarea.focus(); }, 0);
         });
         bar.appendChild(btn);
     });
@@ -3104,6 +3206,7 @@ const installFloatingToolbar = (proto) => {
     proto.isFloatingToolbar = isFloatingToolbar;
     proto._buildFloatingToolbar = buildFloatingToolbar;
     proto._hideFloatingToolbar = hideFloatingToolbar;
+    proto._measureSelectionAnchor = measureSelectionAnchor;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -3168,7 +3271,8 @@ function showContextMenu(e) {
         el.className = 'me-context-menu-item';
         if (item.disabled)
             el.classList.add('me-disabled');
-        el.innerHTML = `<span>${item.label}</span>${item.shortcut ? `<span class="me-context-menu-shortcut">${item.shortcut}</span>` : ''}`;
+        // 自定义菜单项的 label / shortcut 经转义后拼接（防 HTML 注入）
+        el.innerHTML = `<span>${escapeHTML(item.label)}</span>${item.shortcut ? `<span class="me-context-menu-shortcut">${escapeHTML(item.shortcut)}</span>` : ''}`;
         el.addEventListener('click', (ev) => {
             ev.stopPropagation();
             if (item.disabled)
@@ -3214,9 +3318,13 @@ function execContextAction(action) {
         case 'copy':
             document.execCommand('copy');
             break;
-        case 'paste':
+        case 'paste': {
-            document.execCommand('paste');
+            // 现代浏览器出于安全限制，execCommand('paste') 通常静默失败 —— 提示改用 Ctrl+V
+            const ok = document.execCommand('paste');
+            if (!ok)
+                this.toast(this.t('pasteBlocked') || '无法直接粘贴，请使用 Ctrl+V', { type: 'info' });
             break;
+        }
         case 'selectAll':
             ta.focus();
             ta.select();
@@ -3471,6 +3579,7 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         this._zenMouseHandler = null;
         this._floatingToolbar = null;
         this._floatingEnabled = this.config.floatingToolbar !== false;
+        this._floatMirror = null;
         this._renderFn = (typeof this.config.render === 'function') ? this.config.render : parseMarkdown;
         this._highlightFn = (typeof this.config.highlight === 'function') ? this.config.highlight : null;
         MarkdownEditor.trigger('beforeCreate', this);
@@ -3492,8 +3601,9 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         this._bindEvents();
         this._bindContextMenu();
         this._trackOutlineScroll();
-        if (this.config.floatingToolbar !== false)
+        // 无条件绑定事件（show 内部检查 _floatingEnabled）：
-            this._initFloatingToolbar();
+        // floatingToolbar:false 构造的实例 toggleFloatingToolbar() 打开后仍可显示
+        this._initFloatingToolbar();
         this.textarea.value = this._value;
         if (!this._wordWrap)
             this.textarea.style.whiteSpace = 'pre';
@@ -3773,6 +3883,12 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         this.toolbarEl.addEventListener('click', onToolbarClick);
         const onDividerDown = (e) => this._bindDividerDrag(e);
         this.dividerEl.addEventListener('pointerdown', onDividerDown);
+        // 全屏模式按 Esc 退出（与 shortcutHelp 面板的 Esc 关闭互不冲突：条件互斥）
+        const onDocKeydown = (e) => {
+            if (e.key === 'Escape' && this._fullscreen)
+                this.exitFullscreen();
+        };
+        document.addEventListener('keydown', onDocKeydown);
         this._bindDragDrop();
         this._cleanups.push(() => {
             ta.removeEventListener('input', onInput);
@@ -3786,6 +3902,7 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             ta.removeEventListener('blur', onBlur);
             this.toolbarEl.removeEventListener('click', onToolbarClick);
             this.dividerEl.removeEventListener('pointerdown', onDividerDown);
+            document.removeEventListener('keydown', onDocKeydown);
         });
     }
     _handleKeydown(e) {
@@ -3870,10 +3987,10 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             ta.selectionStart = lineStart;
             ta.selectionEnd = lineStart + newBlock.length;
         }
+        const old = this._value;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(old);
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
     }
     _bindDividerDrag(e) {
         if (this._mode !== 'split')
@@ -3899,6 +4016,8 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             window.removeEventListener('pointermove', onMove);
             window.removeEventListener('pointerup', onUp);
             this._saveDividerPosition();
+            // pane 宽度变化导致折行重排，旧定位坐标失效，隐藏待重新触发
+            this._hideFloatingToolbar();
         };
         window.addEventListener('pointermove', onMove);
         window.addEventListener('pointerup', onUp);
@@ -4014,12 +4133,12 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             const content = listMatch[3];
             if (!content.trim()) {
                 e.preventDefault();
+                const oldV = this._value;
                 ta.value = val.slice(0, lineStart) + '\n' + val.slice(start);
                 ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = lineStart;
                 this._value = ta.value;
                 this._pushHistory();
-                this._renderGutter();
+                this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                this._emit('change', this._value);
                 return;
             }
             let nextMarker = marker;
@@ -4032,10 +4151,10 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             const insert = '\n' + indent + nextMarker + ' ';
             ta.value = val.slice(0, start) + insert + val.slice(ta.selectionEnd);
             ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + insert.length;
+            const oldV = this._value;
             this._value = ta.value;
             this._pushHistory();
-            this._renderGutter();
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
             return;
         }
         const quoteMatch = line.match(/^(\s*>+\s?)(.*)/);
@@ -4044,22 +4163,22 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             const content = quoteMatch[2];
             if (!content.trim()) {
                 e.preventDefault();
+                const oldV = this._value;
                 ta.value = val.slice(0, lineStart) + '\n' + val.slice(start);
                 ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = lineStart;
                 this._value = ta.value;
                 this._pushHistory();
-                this._renderGutter();
+                this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-                this._emit('change', this._value);
                 return;
             }
             e.preventDefault();
             const insert = '\n' + prefix;
             ta.value = val.slice(0, start) + insert + val.slice(ta.selectionEnd);
             ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + insert.length;
+            const oldV = this._value;
             this._value = ta.value;
             this._pushHistory();
-            this._renderGutter();
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
         }
     }
     _handleBracketAutoClose(e) {
@@ -4074,6 +4193,7 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         const end = ta.selectionEnd;
         if (start !== end) {
             e.preventDefault();
+            const oldV = this._value;
             const selected = ta.value.slice(start, end);
             const wrap = key + selected + close;
             ta.value = ta.value.slice(0, start) + wrap + ta.value.slice(end);
@@ -4081,7 +4201,7 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             ta.selectionEnd = start + 1 + selected.length;
             this._value = ta.value;
             this._pushHistory();
-            this._emit('change', this._value);
+            this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
             return;
         }
         const nextChar = ta.value[start] || '';
@@ -4095,12 +4215,13 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
                 return;
         }
         e.preventDefault();
+        const oldV = this._value;
         const pair = key + close;
         ta.value = ta.value.slice(0, start) + pair + ta.value.slice(end);
         ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = start + 1;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
     }
     _bindDragDrop() {
         const ta = this.textarea;
@@ -4142,6 +4263,39 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
     }
     _scheduleHistory() { if (this._historyTimer)
         clearTimeout(this._historyTimer); this._historyTimer = setTimeout(() => this._pushHistory(), this.config.historyDebounce || 400); }
+    /**
+     * 程序化编辑路径（命令 / 快捷键 / 插件 / API 直改 textarea）的统一刷新管线。
+     * 此前 8 条路径的 预览/行号/字数/大纲 刷新与事件发射参差不齐，
+     * 现统一为：渲染 + 行号 + 字数 + 大纲 + input/change 事件 + 回调 + before/afterChange 钩子。
+     */
+    _afterProgrammaticEdit(oldValue) {
+        MarkdownEditor.trigger('beforeChange', this);
+        this._emit('beforeChange', oldValue, this._value);
+        this._render();
+        this._renderGutter();
+        this._updateWordCount();
+        this._updateOutline();
+        this._emit('input', this._value);
+        this._emit('change', this._value);
+        if (typeof this.config.onInput === 'function') {
+            try {
+                this.config.onInput(this._value, this);
+            }
+            catch (e) {
+                console.error(e);
+            }
+        }
+        if (typeof this.config.onChange === 'function') {
+            try {
+                this.config.onChange(this._value, this);
+            }
+            catch (e) {
+                console.error(e);
+            }
+        }
+        this._emit('afterChange', this._value);
+        MarkdownEditor.trigger('afterChange', this);
+    }
     _pushHistory() {
         // Enforce maxLength as a last-resort guard for programmatic edit paths
         // (tab/indent, smart-enter, bracket auto-close, exec commands) that write
@@ -4172,11 +4326,10 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         const pv = this.previewPane;
         const pvMax = pv ? pv.scrollHeight - pv.clientHeight : 0;
         const pvRatio = pvMax > 0 ? pv.scrollTop / pvMax : null;
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = this._history[this._historyIndex];
         this.textarea.value = this._value;
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._renderGutter();
-        this._updateWordCount();
         if (this.gutter)
             this.gutter.scrollTop = this.textarea.scrollTop;
         if (pv && pvRatio != null) {
@@ -4184,15 +4337,6 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
             if (max > 0)
                 pv.scrollTop = pvRatio * max;
         }
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
-        if (typeof this.config.onChange === 'function') {
-            try {
-                this.config.onChange(this._value, this);
-            }
-            catch (e) {
-                console.error(e);
-            }
-        }
     }
     _captureCursor() {
         if (!this.textarea)
@@ -4558,12 +4702,11 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         if (!matches)
             return 0;
         // 函数式替换：替换文本按字面处理，$ 无特殊语义
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = this._limitLength(this._value.replace(re, () => replace));
         this.textarea.value = this._value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._updateWordCount();
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
         return matches.length;
     }
     replaceAllRegex(pattern, replace) {
@@ -4573,12 +4716,11 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         const matches = this._value.match(re);
         if (!matches)
             return 0;
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = this._limitLength(this._value.replace(re, replace));
         this.textarea.value = this._value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._updateWordCount();
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
         return matches.length;
     }
     lineCount() {
@@ -4646,9 +4788,17 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
     copyAsHTML() {
         const html = this.getHTML();
         if (typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && navigator.clipboard) {
-            const blob = new Blob([html], { type: 'text/html' });
+            // ClipboardItem 在 Firefox 等环境缺失，构造即抛 TypeError —— 降级为纯文本复制
-            const item = new ClipboardItem({ 'text/html': blob, 'text/plain': new Blob([this._value], { type: 'text/plain' }) });
+            if (typeof ClipboardItem !== 'undefined') {
-            navigator.clipboard.write([item]).then(() => this._emit('copy', { type: 'html' })).catch(() => { });
+                try {
+                    const blob = new Blob([html], { type: 'text/html' });
+                    const item = new ClipboardItem({ 'text/html': blob, 'text/plain': new Blob([this._value], { type: 'text/plain' }) });
+                    navigator.clipboard.write([item]).then(() => this._emit('copy', { type: 'html' })).catch(() => { });
+                    return this;
+                }
+                catch (_) { /* fallthrough 降级 */ }
+            }
+            navigator.clipboard.writeText(this._value).then(() => this._emit('copy', { type: 'html' })).catch(() => { });
         }
         return this;
     }
@@ -4660,11 +4810,10 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         ta.value = inserted;
         ta.focus();
         ta.selectionStart = ta.selectionEnd = Math.min(start + text.length, inserted.length);
+        const oldV = this._value;
         this._value = ta.value;
         this._pushHistory();
-        this._render();
+        this._afterProgrammaticEdit(oldV);
-        this._updateWordCount();
-        this._emit('change', this._value);
         return this;
     }
     wrap(before, after) { this._wrapSelection(before, after || before); return this; }
@@ -4850,6 +4999,9 @@ class MarkdownEditor {
         if (this._floatingToolbar && this._floatingToolbar.parentNode)
             this._floatingToolbar.parentNode.removeChild(this._floatingToolbar);
         this._floatingToolbar = null;
+        if (this._floatMirror && this._floatMirror.parentNode)
+            this._floatMirror.parentNode.removeChild(this._floatMirror);
+        this._floatMirror = null;
         if (this.el)
             this.el.querySelectorAll('.me-toast').forEach((t) => t.remove());
         this._plugins.forEach((p) => { if (typeof p.destroy === 'function') {
@@ -5139,9 +5291,9 @@ const getSupportedLanguages = () => Object.keys(LANGUAGES);
 /**
  * MetonaEditor — Type-safe, lightweight Markdown Editor
  * @module metona-editor
- * @version 0.4.2
+ * @version 0.4.3
  */
-const VERSION = '0.4.2';
+const VERSION = '0.4.3';
 const globalPlugins = [];
 // 全局插件在 afterCreate 安装：此时 DOM 已构建完成，依赖 textarea/el 的插件
 // （searchReplace / shortcutHelp / imagePaste）才能正常生效。